Hotel Florida (Madrid)

Hotel Florida
Hotel Florida in the year 1920.
General information
Type	Hotel
Location	Madrid, Spain
Coordinates	40°25′11″N 3°42′19″W / 40.41972°N 3.70528°W / 40.41972; -3.70528
Opened	1924
Demolished	1964
Design and construction
Architect	Antonio Palacios

The Hotel Florida was situated at Callao Square in central Madrid, Spain. It was built in 1924 and was used as a base by many of the foreign correspondents stationed in Madrid during the Spanish Civil War. While based in Spain as a correspondent for the North American News Association (NANA), Ernest Hemingway stayed at the hotel, where he wrote a play. The hotel was demolished in 1964 and a department store built on the site.

The architect Antonio Palacios designed and built the hotel on a site in the Plaza de Callao, on the Gran Vía (then under construction). It was inaugurated in February 1924. The whole façade of the building was marble.

The hotel's 200 rooms, each with a bathroom, achieved fame during the Civil War, when it became the residence of correspondents, foreign writers and intellectuals featured in Madrid during its siege. Mijaíl Koltsov,Geoffrey Cox,Henry Buckley,Ksawery Pruszyński, Wiadomosci Literackie and Herbert L. Matthews were among the members of this community, which also met in the nearby headquarters of Telefónica and the Hotel Gran Vía. For a time Ernest Hemingway and his mistress, later his third wife, Martha Gellhorn used the hotel as their base in Madrid. Hemingway was at the hotel during the Spanish Civil War and on a daily basis he expected a bomb to land on his typewriter. He wrote The Fifth Column during the siege itself.

John Dos Passos also passed through the Florida and immortalized his stay in an article called Room with a bathroom in the Hotel Florida, published by Esquire magazine in January 1938. The last such war correspondents staying in Hotel Florida was O. D. Gallagher, sent by the London Daily Express, said to be the only foreigner who waited to see Franco's troops in Madrid.