Horatio Kitchener

Field Marshal The Right Honourable The Earl Kitchener KG KP GCB OM GCSI GCMG GCIE PC
Secretary of State for War
In office 5 August 1914 – 5 June 1916
Monarch	George V
Prime Minister	Herbert Henry Asquith
Preceded by	Herbert Henry Asquith
Succeeded by	David Lloyd George
Personal details
Born	Horatio Herbert Kitchener 24 June 1850 Ballylongford, County Kerry, Ireland
Died	5 June 1916(1916-06-05) (aged 65) West of the Orkney Islands, Scotland
Relations	Henry Kitchener, 2nd Earl Kitchener Sir Frederick Walter Kitchener
Military service
Allegiance	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland / British Empire
Service/branch	British Army
Years of service	1871–1916
Rank	Field Marshal
Commands	Mahdist War (1884–99) Second Boer War (1900–02) Commander-in-Chief, India (1902–09)
Battles/wars	Franco-Prussian War Mahdist War: Battle of Ferkeh Battle of Atbara Battle of Omdurman Second Boer War: Battle of Paardeberg First World War
Awards	Knight of the Order of the Garter Knight of the Order of St Patrick Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Member of the Order of Merit Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire

Franco-Prussian War
Mahdist War:

Second Boer War:

Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, KG, KP, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC (/ˈkɪtʃᵻnər/; 24 June 1850 – 5 June 1916) was a senior British Army officer and colonial administrator who won notoriety for his imperial campaigns, most especially his scorched earth policy against the Boers and his establishment of concentration camps during the Second Boer War, and later played a central role in the early part of the First World War.

Kitchener won fame in 1898 for winning the Battle of Omdurman and securing control of the Sudan, after which he was given the title "Lord Kitchener of Khartoum"; as Chief of Staff (1900–02) in the Second Boer War he played a key role in Lord Roberts' conquest of the Boer Republics, then succeeded Roberts as commander-in-chief – by which time Boer forces had taken to guerrilla fighting and British forces imprisoned Boer civilians in concentration camps. His term as Commander-in-Chief (1902–09) of the Army in India saw him quarrel with another eminent proconsul, the Viceroy Lord Curzon, who eventually resigned. Kitchener then returned to Egypt as British Agent and Consul-General (de facto administrator).

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