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Franco-Prussian War

Franco-Prussian War
Part of the wars of German unification
Collage of Franco–Prussian War imagery
Clockwise from top left:
Prussian infantry at the Battle of Spicheren;
Jeanniot's 1886 La ligne de feu (Battle of Mars-La-Tour);
Werner's depiction of the capitulation of Sedan;
Neuville's 1873 Les dernières cartouches (Battle of Bazeilles).
Date 19 July 1870 – 10 May 1871
(9 months and 3 weeks)
Location and Rhine Province
Result German victory
Belligerents
France French Empirea

Baden
 Bavaria
Württemberg

Hesse-Darmstadt
France French Republicb  German Empired
Commanders and leaders
Strength

909,951

1,200,000

  • 300,000 regulars
  • 900,000 reserves and
Casualties and losses

756,285

  • 138,871 dead
  • 143,000 wounded
  • 474,414 captured

116,696

  • 28,208 dead
  • 88,488 wounded
  • a Until 4 September 1870.
  • b From 4 September 1870.
  • c Leading member of the North German Confederation.
  • d From 18 January 1871.

Baden
 Bavaria
Württemberg

909,951

1,200,000

756,285

116,696

The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War (German: Deutsch-Französischer Krieg, French: Guerre franco-allemande), often referred to in France as the War of 1870 (19 July 1870 – 10 May 1871), was a conflict between the Second French Empire of Napoleon III and the German states of the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. The conflict was caused by Prussian ambitions to extend German unification and French fears of the shift in the European balance of power that would result if the Prussians succeeded. Some historians argue that the Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck deliberately provoked a French attack in order to draw the independent southern German states—Baden, Württemberg, Bavaria and Hesse-Darmstadt—into an alliance with the North German Confederation dominated by Prussia, while others contend that Bismarck did not plan anything and merely exploited the circumstances as they unfolded.


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