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Hexafluoroantimonic acid

Fluoroantimonic acid
H2FSbF6.png
Fluoroantimonic acid-3D-balls.png
Names
IUPAC name
Fluoroantimonic acid
Systematic IUPAC name
Fluoranium hexafluorostibanuide
Fluoranium hexafluoridoantimonate(1−)
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.037.279
EC Number 241-023-8
Properties
H
2SbF
7
Molar mass 256.765
Appearance Colorless liquid
Density 2.885 g/cm3
Solubility SO2ClF, SO2
Acidity (pKa) −31.3
Basicity (pKb) 39
Hazards
Main hazards Extremely corrosive, Violent hydrolysis
H300, H310, H314, H330, H411
P260, P264, P273, P280, P284, P301+310
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g., VX gas Reactivity code 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g., fluorine Special hazard W: Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner. E.g., cesium, sodiumNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Related compounds
Related acids
Antimony pentafluoride

Hydrogen fluoride
Magic acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Hydrogen fluoride
Magic acid

Fluoroantimonic acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H
2FSbF
6 (also written H
2F[SbF
6], 2HF·SbF5, or simply HF-SbF5). It is an ionic liquid produced by treating hydrogen fluoride (HF) with antimony pentafluoride (SbF5) in a stoichiometric ratio of 2:1. It is the strongest superacid. It has been shown to protonate even hydrocarbons to afford pentacoordinate carbocations. Similar acids can be created by using excess antimony pentafluoride.

The reaction to produce fluoroantimonic acid is:

The acid is often said to contain "naked protons", but the "free" protons are, in fact, always bonded to hydrogen fluoride molecules to make the fluoronium cations (similar to the hydronium cation in aqueous solution). It is the fluoronium ion that accounts for fluoroantimonic acid's extreme acidity. Fluoroantimonic acid is 1016 (10 quadrillion) times stronger than 100% sulfuric acid. The protons easily migrate through the solution, moving from H2F+ to HF, when present, by the Grotthuss mechanism:


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