Hasan al-‘Askarī
| Hasan al-Askari | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
c. 4 December 846 CE (8 Rabi al-thani 232 AH) Medina, Abbasid Empire |
| Died |
c. 4 January 874 (aged 27) (8 Rabi al-awwal 260 AH) Samarra, Abbasid Empire |
| Cause of death | Poisoning by Al-Mu'tamid according to Shia Muslims |
| Resting place |
Al-Askari Mosque, Iraq 34°11′54.5″N 43°52′25″E / 34.198472°N 43.87361°E |
| Other names | Hasan ibn Ali ibn Muhammad |
| Title | |
| Term | 868–874 CE |
| Predecessor | Ali al-Hadi |
| Successor | Muhammad al-Mahdi |
| Spouse(s) | Narjis |
| Children | Muhammad al-Mahdi Sayyid Ali Akbarb |
| Parent(s) |
Ali al-Hadi Saleela |
| Relatives |
Muhammad (brother) Ja'far (brother) |
| Notes | |
|
aalso referred to as Susan or Sevil (Savīl)
bdisputed |
|
Hasan ibn Ali ibn Muhammad (c. 846 – 874) was the 11th Imam of Twelver Shia Islam, after his father Ali al-Hadi. He was also called Abu Muhammad and Ibn al-Ridha. Because Samarra, the city where he lived, was a garrison town, he is generally known as al-Askari (Askar is the word for military in Arabic). Al-Askari married Narjis Khatun and was kept under house arrest or in prison for most of his life, until, according to some Shia sources, he was poisoned at the age of 28 on the orders of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mu'tamid and was buried in Samarra. It was known that many Shia were looking forward to the succession of his son, Muhammad al-Mahdi, as they believed him to be the twelfth Imam, who was destined to remove injustice from the world.
Hasan al-Askari was born during a period when his father Ali al-Hadi, the tenth Imam, was suspected of being involved in a conspiracy against the Caliph Al-Mutawakkil. There is doubt as to whether al-Askari was born in Medina or Samarra. According to authentic shia hadith he was born in Medina on the 8th of Rabiul Akhar 232 Hijri (4 December 846 AD) and died in Samarrah Iraq on the 8th of Rabiul Awwal 260 Hijri (4 January 874) aged 28. The period of his imamate was 6 years. He was taken along with his family to Samarra in the year 230, 231 or 232 A.H., and was kept there under house arrest. In Samarra, al-Askari spent most of his time reading the Quran and the Sharia. According to Donaldson, al-Askari must also have studied languages, for in later years it was known that he could speak Hindi with the pilgrims from India, Turkish with the Turks, and Persian with the Persians. According to Shia accounts, however, it is part of the divine knowledge given to all Imams to be able to speak all human languages.
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