Harun Rashid

Harun al-Rashid هَارُون الرَشِيد
Gold dinar of Harun al-Rashid
5th Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate
Reign	14 September 786 – 24 March 809
Predecessor	al-Hadi
Successor	al-Amin
Born	(763-03-17)17 March 763 Rey, Jibal, Abbasid Caliphate (in present-day Tehran Province, Iran)
Died	24 March 809(809-03-24) (aged 46) Tus, Khorasan, Abbasid Caliphate (in present-day Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran)
Burial	Tomb of Harun al-Rashid in Imam Reza Mosque, Mashhad, Iran
Spouse	List Zubaidah bint Ja`far Azizah bint al-Ghitrif bin Ata Umm Muhammad bint Salih al-Miskin Abbassah bint Sulayman bin Abi Ja`far Jurashiyyah bint Abdullah al-Uthmanniyah Marajil bint Ustadhsis Maridah bint Shabib Amat-al-aziz Ghadir Qasif Ri'm Irbah Sahdhrah Khubth Rawah Dawaj Kitman Hulab Irabah Ghadid Ghusas Sukkar Rahiq Shajar Khzq Haly Aniq Samandal Zinah
Issue	Muhammad al-Amin Abdallah al-Ma'mun Muhammad al-Mu'tasim al-Qasim Abdan Sukaynah
Full name Harun ar-Rashid ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi
Dynasty	Abbasid
Father	al-Mahdi
Mother	al-Khayzuran

Harun al-Rashid (/hɑːˈruːnɑːlrɑːˈʃiːd/ Arabic: هَارُون الرَشِيد‎‎ Hārūn Ar-Rašīd; in English: Aaron the Just, 17 March 763 or February 766 — 24 March 809 (148-193 Hijri) was the fifth Abbasid Caliph. His birth date is debated, with various sources giving dates from 763 to 766. His surname translates to "the Just", "the Upright", or "the Rightly-Guided"; fully translated, his name means "Aaron the Just". Al-Rashid ruled from 786 to 809, during the peak of the Islamic Golden Age. His time was marked by scientific, cultural, and religious prosperity. Islamic art and music also flourished significantly during his reign. He established the legendary library Bayt al-Hikma ("House of Wisdom") in Baghdad in present-day Iraq, and during his rule Baghdad began to flourish as a center of knowledge, culture and trade. During his rule, the family of Barmakids, which played a deciding role in establishing the Abbasid Caliphate, declined gradually. In 796, he moved his court and government to Raqqa in present-day Syria.