Al-Mahdi
| al-Mahdi bi-'llah | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate | |||||
| Reign | 6 October 775 – 24 July 785 | ||||
| Predecessor | al-Mansur | ||||
| Successor | al-Hadi | ||||
| Born | 744 or 745 | ||||
| Died | 24 July 785 | ||||
| Consorts |
Khayzuran bint Atta Raitah bint Saffah Asma bint Atta al-Jurashiyya Bahtariyah bint al-Furas Shaklah bint al-Balkhi Umm Abdullah bint al-Arab Ruqaiyah bint Uthmanid |
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| Concubines | Rahim Maknunah Basbas Hullah Hasanah Hasna Malkah |
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| Issue | Banuqa Al-Hadi Harun Al-Rashid Abassa Ulaiyah Ibrahim Mansur Aliyah Ali Abdullah Isa |
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| Dynasty | Abbasid | ||||
| Father | Al-Mansur | ||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Abdallah al-Mansur al-Mahdi bi'llah |
Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Abdallah al-Mansur (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله المنصور; 744 or 745 – 785), better known by his regnal name al-Mahdi bi-'llah (المهدي بالله, "He who is guided by God"), was the third Abbasid Caliph who reigned from 775 to his death in 785. He succeeded his father, al-Mansur.
Al-Mahdi was born in 744 or 745 AD in the village of Hamimah. His mother was called Arwi, and his father was al-Mansur. When al-Mahdi was ten years old, his father became the second Abbasid Caliph. When al-Mahdi was young, his father, the Caliph al-Mansur, needed to establish al-Mahdi as a powerful figure in his own right. So, on the east bank of the Tigris, al-Mansur oversaw the construction of East Baghdad, with a mosque and royal palace at its heart. Construction in the area was also heavily financed by the Barmakids, and the area became known as Rusafa.
When was 15-years-old, a-Mahdi was sent to defeat the uprising of Abdur Rahman bin Abdul Jabbar Azdi in Greater Khorasan. He also defeated the uprisings of Ispahbud, the governor of Tabaristan, and Astazsis, massacring more than 70,000 of his followers in Khorasan. These campaigns put Tabaristan, which was only nominally within the caliphate, firmly under Abbasid control. In 762 AD, al-Mahdi was the governor of the Abbasid Caliphate's eastern region, based in Ray. It was here that he fell in love with al-Khayzuran and had several children, including the fourth and fifth future Caliphs, al-Hadi and Harun al-Rashid. Around 770 AD (153 AH), al-Mahdi was appointed as Amir al-hajj.
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