Harun Al-Rashid

Harun al-Rashid

5th Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate

Reign

14 September 786 – 24 March 809

Predecessor

al-Hadi

Successor

al-Amin

Born

17 March 763
Rey, Jibal, Abbasid Caliphate (in present-day Tehran Province, Iran)

Died

24 March 809 (aged 46)
Tus, Khorasan, Abbasid Caliphate (in present-day Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran)

Burial

Tomb of Harun al-Rashid in Imam Reza Mosque, Mashhad, Iran

Spouse

List

- Zubaidah bint Ja`far
- Azizah bint al-Ghitrif bin Ata
- Umm Muhammad bint Salih al-Miskin
- Abbassah bint Sulayman bin Abi Ja`far
- Jurashiyyah bint Abdullah al-Uthmanniyah
- Marajil bint Ustadhsis
- Maridah bint Shabib
- Amat-al-aziz Ghadir
- Qasif
- Ri'm
- Irbah
- Sahdhrah
- Khubth
- Rawah
- Dawaj
- Kitman
- Hulab
- Irabah
- Ghadid
- Ghusas
- Sukkar
- Rahiq
- Shajar
- Khzq
- Haly
- Aniq
- Samandal
- Zinah

Issue

Full name
Harun ar-Rashid ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi

Father

Mother

Full name
Harun ar-Rashid ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi

Harun al-Rashid (/hɑːˈruːnɑːlrɑːˈʃiːd/ Arabic: هَارُون الرَشِيد‎‎, Hārūn Ar-Rašīd; in English: Aaron the Just, 17 March 763 or February 766 — 24 March 809 (148-193 Hijri) was the fifth Abbasid Caliph. His birth date is debated, with various sources giving dates from 763 to 766. His surname translates to "the Just", "the Upright", or "the Rightly-Guided"; fully translated, his name means "Aaron the Just". Al-Rashid ruled from 786 to 809, during the peak of the Islamic Golden Age. His time was marked by scientific, cultural, and religious prosperity. Islamic art and music also flourished significantly during his reign. He established the legendary library Bayt al-Hikma ("House of Wisdom") in Baghdad in present-day Iraq, and during his rule Baghdad began to flourish as a center of knowledge, culture and trade. During his rule, the family of Barmakids, which played a deciding role in establishing the Abbasid Caliphate, declined gradually. In 796, he moved his court and government to Ar-Raqqah in present-day Syria.

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