Haplogroup NO1 (Y-DNA)
| Haplogroup NO | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Possible time of origin | Circa 48,871–45,400 years BP. (Based on estimates of: 45,400 [95% CI 41,400 <-> 49,600] BP, to 48,871 [95% CI 37,095 <-> 58,831] BP). |
| Possible place of origin | Southeast Asia or Southern China |
| Ancestor | K2a1 (M2313) |
| Descendants |
Primary descendant: NO1 (M214/Page39); N (M231) and O (M175). |
| Defining mutations | F549/M2335/S22380/V4208 |
Primary descendant: NO1 (M214/Page39);
Haplogroup NO (M214, F176/M2314, CTS5858/M2325/F346, P192) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. NO is derived from Haplogroup K2a1 (M2313), which in turn is derived from Haplogroup K2a (M2308).
Before 2016, it was generally considered that "NO" and "K2a" were identical and constituted a primary branch of Haplogroup K2. However, researchers such as Poznik et al. discovered Y-DNA in ancient remains and living individuals that had some, but not all, of the mutations regarded previously as peculiar to NO, but lacked any of the SNPs identifying other primary clades of K2. Poznik et al. therefore considered that K2a and NO constituted "grandparent" and "grandchild" clades, and proposed that the name Haplogroup K2a1 be assigned to the Y-DNA of individuals who belonged to K2a, but did not belong to NO.
Haplogroup NO is the immediate ancestor of Haplogroup N and Haplogroup O.
Based on the projected origins of K2a* in either South East Asia or East Asia, NO* probably originated in East Asia.
Members of Haplogroup NO's nearest outgroup, K2a1*-M2335(xNO-M214), include a Telugu of Indian origin sampled in the United Kingdom and a Malay sampled in Singapore.
While there are more reports of "NO*" or "NO1*" being found in living individuals, these haplogroups are not well-researched. Further research may instead identify them as belonging to N* (M231), N1, or the provisional subclade N2 (F3373/M2283/Page56/S323). These cases include:
Two sets of ancient remains previously considered as possibly belonging to NO have since been reclassified upstream to K2a.
Likewise, cases previously regarded as possible examples of NO* or NO1*, and since ruled out, include:
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