Haplogroup HV (mtDNA)

Haplogroup HV
Possible time of origin	25000-30000 YBP
Possible place of origin	Near East or Caucasus
Ancestor	R0
Descendants	HV0, HV1, HV2, HV3, HV4, HV5, H
Defining mutations	T14766C

Haplogroup HV is a (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Haplogroup HV derives from the haplogroup R0, which in turn descends from haplogroup R. HV is also the ancestral haplogroup to haplogroup H and haplogroup V.

Haplogroup HV is found mainly in Western Asia, Southern Europe, Eastern Europe and North Africa.

In Africa, the clade peaks among Egyptians inhabiting El-Hayez oasis (14.3%). The haplogroup is, however, generally more frequent toward the northwest, with the HV0 subclade occurring among Mozabite Berbers (8.24%),Libyans (7.4%),Reguibate Sahrawi (6.48%),Zenata Berbers (5.48%), and Algerians (4.84% total; 2.15%-3.75% in Oran).

A 2003 study was published reporting on the mtDNA sequencing of the bones of two 24,000-year-old anatomically modern humans of the Cro-Magnon type from southern Italy. The study showed one was of either haplogroup HV or R0.

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup HV subclades is based on the paper by van Oven 2009 and Malyarchuk et al. 2008.

Defining mutation C/T at location 16298 in segment I one of the hypervariable segment is labeled as HV0 as of 2012. The percentage of people that tested positive for the above mutation in a study of western European populations in 2002 is given below.

In a study of Russian and Polish populations the percentage of people who tested positive for this mutation was five percent for both populations.

A study of Iraqis summarized a number of previous studies showing low levels of this mutation amongst Middle Eastern and Italian populations.

This mutation has been detected in ancient DNA obtained from one of nineteen human remains excavated on the island of Gotland, Sweden, dated to 2,800-2,000 BC and archaeologically classified as belonging to the Pitted Ware culture.

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