Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg  (Luxembourgish) Großherzogtum Luxemburg  (German) Grand-Duché de Luxembourg  (French)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn" (Luxembourgish) "We want to remain what we are"
Anthem: "Ons Heemecht" "Our Homeland" Royal anthem: "De Wilhelmus"a
Location of  Luxembourg  (dark green) – in Europe  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)
Capital and largest city	Luxembourg City 49°36′N 6°7′E / 49.600°N 6.117°E / 49.600; 6.117
Official languages	French German Luxembourgish
Demonym	Luxembourgish, Luxembourger
Government	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch (list)	Henri
• Prime Minister (list)	Xavier Bettel
• Deputy Prime Minister	Etienne Schneider
Legislature	Chamber of Deputies
Independence
• from Lotharingia / Duchy of Upper Lorraine	965 (as County of Luxembourg)
• Elevation to Duchy of Luxembourg	1355
• from the French Empire and elevation to Grand Duchy of Luxembourg	1815
• Independence in personal Union with the Netherlands Treaty of London)	19 April 1839
• Reaffirmation of Independence Treaty of London	11 May 1867
• End of personal union with the Kingdom of the Netherlands	23 November 1890
• from the German Reich	1944 / 1945
Area
• Total	2,586.4 km2 (998.6 sq mi) (168th)
• Water (%)	0.60%
Population
• April 2015 estimate	576,249 (170th)
• 2001 census	439,539
• Density	222.8/km2 (577.0/sq mi) (60th)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$58.234 billion (94th)
• Per capita	$100,991 (2nd)
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$60.176 billion (71st)
• Per capita	$104,359 (3rd)
Gini (2014)	28.7 low · 19th
HDI (2014)	0.892 very high · 19th
Currency	Euro (€)b (EUR)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+352
ISO 3166 code	LU
Internet TLD	.luc
Not the same as the Het Wilhelmus of the Netherlands. Before 1999, Luxembourgish franc. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states. ^ "CIA – The World Factbook – Field Listing – Distribution of family income – Gini index". United States government.

Coordinates: 49°45′N 6°10′E / 49.750°N 6.167°E / 49.750; 6.167

– in Europe  (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union  (green)

Luxembourg ⁱ/ˈlʌksəmbɜːrɡ/ (Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerg; German: Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a landlocked country in western Europe. It is bordered by Belgium to the west and north, Germany to the east, and France to the south. Its capital, Luxembourg City, is, together with Brussels and Strasbourg, one of the three official capitals of the European Union and the seat of the European Court of Justice, the highest juridical authority in the EU. Its culture, people and languages are highly intertwined with its neighbors, making it essentially a mixture of French and Germanic cultures. The repeated invasions by its neighbor countries, especially in World War II, resulted in the country's strong will for mediation between France and Germany and led to the foundation of the European Union.