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Getúlio Dornelles Vargas

His Excellency
Getúlio Vargas
Getulio Vargas (1930).jpg
Vargas in 1930
14th and 17th President of Brazil
In office
3 November 1930 – 29 October 1945
Vice President None
Preceded by
Succeeded by José Linhares
In office
31 January 1951 – 24 August 1954
Vice President Café Filho
Preceded by Eurico Gaspar Dutra
Succeeded by Café Filho
13th President of Rio Grande do Sul
In office
25 January 1928 – 8 October 1930
Vice President João Neves da Fontoura
Preceded by Borges de Medeiros
Succeeded by Osvaldo Aranha
Minister of Finance
In office
15 November 1926 – 17 December 1927
President Washington Luís
Preceded by Aníbal Freire da Fonseca
Succeeded by Oliveira Botelho
Member of the Federal Senate
In office
31 January 1946 – 30 January 1951
Constituency Rio Grande do Sul
(38th Legislature)
Member of the Chamber of Deputies
In office
3 May 1923 – 15 November 1926
Constituency Rio Grande do Sul
(33rd Legislature)
Member of a Legislative Assembly
In office
25 January 1917 – 3 May 1923
Constituency Rio Grande do Sul
(32nd to 34th Legislatures)
In office
25 January 1909 – 25 January 1913
Constituency Rio Grande do Sul
(30th Legislature)
3rd Academic of the 37th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
In office
29 December 1943 – 24 August 1954
Preceded by Alcântara Machado
Succeeded by Assis Chateaubriand
Personal details
Born Getúlio Dornelles Vargas
(1882-04-19)19 April 1882
São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul, Empire of Brazil
Died 24 August 1954(1954-08-24) (aged 72)
Catete Palace, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Cause of death Suicide
Resting place Praça XV de Novembro, São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Nationality Brazilian
Political party Rio Republican
(1909–1930)
Independent
(1930–1946)
Brazilian Labour
(1946–1954)
Spouse(s) Darci Sarmanho (m. 1911)
Children Lutero (1912–89)
Jandira (1913–80)
Alzira (1914–92)
Manuel (1916–97)
Getúlio Filho (1917–43)
Alma mater UFRGS Law School
Occupation Statesman
Profession Lawyer
Religion Roman Catholic
Signature
Military service
Allegiance  Brazil
Service/branch Brazilian Army
Years of service 1898–1902
Rank Corporal
Unit 6th Infantry Battalion

Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (Portuguese: [ʒeˈtulju doɾˈnɛlis ˈvaɾɡɐs]; 19 April 1882 – 24 August 1954) was a Brazilian lawyer and politician, who served as President of Brazil during two periods. First was from 1930-1945, when he served as interim president from 1930-1934, President from 1934-1937, and dictator from 1937-1945. After being overthrown in a 1945 coup, Vargas returned to power as the democratically elected president in 1951, serving until his suicide in 1954. Vargas led Brazil for 18 years, the longest of any President, and second in Brazilian history only to Emperor Pedro II among heads of state. He favored nationalism, industrialization, centralization, social welfare and populism – for the latter, Vargas won the nickname "The Father of the Poor". Vargas is one of a number of populists who arose during the 1930s in Latin America, including Lazaro Cardenas and Juan Peron who promoted nationalism and pursued social reform. He was a proponent of workers' rights as well as a staunch anti-communist.

Vargas was brought to power by political outsiders and the of the Armed Forces in the Revolution of 1930, a reaction to his loss in elections earlier that year. His ascent marked the end of the Brazilian Old Republic and São Paulo-Minas alliance dominated coffee with milk politics. He successfully influenced the outcome of the Brazilian presidential election of 1934, and used fears of a Communist uprising to institute an authoritarian corporatist regime in 1937 known as the New State, modeled off of Mussolini's Italy and Salazar's Portugal. Vargas went on to appease and eventually dominate his supporters, and pushed his political agenda as he built a propaganda machine around his figure.


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