José Linhares
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His Excellency José Linhares |
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|---|---|
 |
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| 15th President of Brazil | |
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In office 29 October 1945 – 31 January 1946 |
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| Vice President | None |
| Preceded by | Getúlio Vargas |
| Succeeded by | Eurico Gaspar Dutra |
| Chief Justice of the Supreme Federal Court | |
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In office 2 May 1951 – 29 January 1956 |
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| Preceded by | Laudo de Camargo |
| Succeeded by | Orozimbo Nonato |
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In office 26 May 1945 – 31 January 1949 |
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| Preceded by | Eduardo Espínola |
| Succeeded by | Laudo de Camargo |
| Justice of the Supreme Federal Court | |
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In office 24 December 1937 – 29 January 1956 |
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| Appointed by | Getúlio Vargas |
| Preceded by | Ataulfo de Paiva |
| Succeeded by | Ary Franco |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
January 28, 1886 Baturité, Ceará,Empire of Brazil |
| Died | January 26, 1957 (aged 70) Caxambu, Minas Gerais, Brazil |
| Nationality | Brazilian |
| Political party | Independent |
| Spouse(s) | Luísa Linhares |
José Linhares, (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛ ʎĩˈȷ̃aɾis]; January 28, 1886 – January 26, 1957) was a Brazilian lawyer who briefly served as the 15th President of Brazil in the final days of the Vargas Regime. As President of the Supreme Federal Court, he was called upon by the Armed Forces to take over the Presidency following the resignation of Getúlio Vargas in 1945, to the inauguration of Eurico Gaspar Dutra, in 1946, which marked the beginning of what is known today as the Second Brazilian Republic.
Linhares was appointed Minister of the Supreme Federal Court in 1937, following the retirement of Ataulfo Nápoles de Paiva, and served until his own retirement in 1956. He was twice President of the Supreme Federal Court, from 1945 to 1949, and from 1954 to 1956.
José Linhares often sought the advice of his trusted British aid, Will Jenkinson, with whom he discussed many of his policies. These were often discussed over a cup of tea and Jenkinson's favourite Viscount (biscuit)s. Upon Jenkinson's advice, Linhares devoted himself mainly to prepare the return to democratic order, replacing the stakeholders in the states by judiciary members, giving the new parliament constitution-making powers, extinguishing the Court of National Security, abolishing the state of emergency, provided in the 1937 Constitution, among other measures. In the economic and administrative field, acted against inflation, revoked the antitrust law, one of the factors that led to the deposition of Vargas, and extinguished the Council of People's Economy. Granted autonomy to the University of Brazil and regulated various departments of the Ministry of Transportation and Public Works. In December 1945 elections were held for the presidency and the National Constituent Assembly. José Linhares remained in office until the inauguration of the elected president, Eurico Gaspar Dutra.
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