Germany was represented by Mary Roos, with the song "Aufrecht geh'n", at the 1984 Eurovision Song Contest, which took place on 5 May in Luxembourg City. "Aufrecht geh'n" was the winner of the German national final, held on 29 March. Roos had previously represented Germany in the 1972 contest in Edinburgh, where she had finished third.

The final was held at the Deutsches Theater in Munich, hosted by Sabine Sauer. 12 songs took part and the winner was chosen by a panel of approximately 500 people who had been selected as providing a representative cross-section of the German public.

On the night of the final Roos performed 14th in the running order, following Austria and preceding Turkey. At the close of voting "Aufrecht geh'n" had received 34 points (the highest a 7 from Norway), placing Germany joint 13th (with the Netherlands) of the 19 entries. This ended a run of five consecutive top 5 placings for Germany between 1979 and 1983, and was seen as very disappointing since "Aufrecht geh'n" had been considered one of the stronger entries in what is generally regarded as one of Eurovision's more undistinguished contests. The German jury awarded its 12 points to contest winners Sweden.

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