Germania Inferior
| Provincia Germania Inferior | |||||
| Province of the Roman Empire | |||||
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| Capital | Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (CCAA) | ||||
| Historical era | Antiquity | ||||
| • | Established after the Gallic wars | 83 | |||
| • | Gallic Empire | 260-274 | |||
| • | Frankish Empire | 475 | |||
| Today part of |
 Netherlands Belgium Germany Luxembourg
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Germania Inferior was a Roman province located on the west bank of the Rhine. According to Ptolemy (2.9), Germania Inferior included the Rhine from its mouth up to the mouth of the Obringa, a river identified with either the Aar or the Moselle. The territory included modern Luxembourg, southern Netherlands, part of Belgium, and part of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany, west of the Rhine.
The principal settlements of the province were Castra Vetera and Colonia Ulpia Traiana (both near Xanten), Coriovallum (Heerlen), Albaniana (Alphen aan den Rijn), Lugdunum Batavorum (Katwijk), Forum Hadriani (Voorburg), Ulpia Noviomagus Batavorum (Nijmegen), Traiectum (Utrecht), Atuatuca Tungrorum (Tongeren), Bona (Bonn), and Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne), the capital of Germania Inferior.
The army of Germania Inferior, typically shown on inscriptions as EX.GER.INF. (Exercitus Germaniae Inferioris), included several legions at various times: of these, Legions I Minervia and XXX Ulpia Victrix were the most permanent. The Roman Navy's Classis Germanica (German fleet), charged with patrolling the Rhine and the North Sea coast, was based at Castra Vetera and later at Colonia Agrippinensis.
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