Georges Charpak
| Georges Charpak | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
8 March 1924 Dąbrowica, Poland |
| Died | 29 September 2010 (aged 86) Paris, France |
| Citizenship | French |
| Nationality |
Polish French |
| Fields | Physics |
| Alma mater |
École des Mines Collège de France |
| Known for | Multiwire proportional chamber |
| Notable awards | Nobel Prize in Physics, 1992 |
| Spouse | Dominique Vidal (m. 1953; 3 children) |
Georges Charpak (born Jerzy Charpak, 8 March 1924 – 29 September 2010) was a Polish-born, French physicist from a Polish Jewish family who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1992.
Georges Charpak was born Jerzy Charpak to Jewish parents, Anna (Szapiro) and Maurice Charpak, in the village of Dąbrowica in Poland (now Dubrovytsia in Ukraine). Charpak's family moved from Poland to Paris when he was seven years old, beginning his study of mathematics in 1941 at the Lycée Saint Louis. The actor and film director André Charpak was his brother.
During World War II Charpak served in the resistance and was imprisoned by Vichy authorities in 1943. In 1944 he was deported to the Nazi concentration camp at Dachau, where he remained until the camp was liberated in 1945.
After classes préparatoires studies at Lycée Saint-Louis in Paris and later at Lycée Joffre in Montpellier, he joined in 1945 the Paris-based École des Mines, one of the most prestigious engineering schools in France. The following year he became a naturalized French citizen. He graduated in 1948, earning the French degree of Civil Engineer of Mines (Ingénieur Civil des Mines equivalent to a Master's degree) becoming a pupil in the laboratory of Frédéric Joliot-Curie at the Collège de France during 1949, the year after Curie had directed construction of the first atomic pile within France. While at the Collège, Charpak secured a research position for the National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS). He received his PhD in 1954 from Nuclear Physics at the Collège de France, receiving the qualification after having written a thesis on the subject of very low radiation due to disintegration of nuclei (Charpak & Suzor).
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