February 28 Incident
| February 28 Incident | |||||||||||||
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| February 28 Massacre | |||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Érèrbā Shìjiàn |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Ellellba Shyhjiann |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Jī-jī-pat sū-kiāⁿ |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Érèrbā Dàtúshā |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Ellellba Datwusha |
The February 28 Incident (Chinese: 二二八事件) or February 28 Massacre, also known as 2.28 Incident, was an anti-government uprising in Taiwan. Taking its name from the date of the incident, it began on February 27, 1947, and was violently suppressed by the Kuomintang-led Republic of China government, which killed thousands of civilians beginning on February 28. Estimates of the number of deaths vary from 10,000 to 50,000 or more. The massacre marked the beginning of the Kuomintang's White Terror period in Taiwan, in which tens of thousands more inhabitants vanished, died, or were imprisoned. This incident is one of the most important events in Taiwan's modern history, and is a critical impetus for the Taiwan independence movement.
In 1945, 50 years of Japanese rule ended when Japan lost World War II. In October, the United States, on behalf of the Allied Forces, handed temporary administrative control of Taiwan to the Kuomintang-administered Republic of China (ROC) under General Order No. 1 to handle the surrender of Japanese troops and ruling administration. Local inhabitants became resentful of what they saw as high-handed and frequently corrupt conduct on the part of the Kuomintang (KMT) authorities, their arbitrary seizure of private property, and their economic mismanagement. The flashpoint came on February 27 in Taipei, when a dispute between a cigarette vendor and an officer of the Office of Monopoly triggered civil disorder and an open rebellion that lasted for days. The uprising was violently put down by the military of the Republic of China and the island was placed under martial law.
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