Empress Xiaoxianchun
| Empress Xiaoxianchun | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Empress of the Qing dynasty | |||||
| Tenure | 1737–1748 | ||||
| Predecessor | Empress Xiaoshengxian | ||||
| Successor | Ulanara, the Step Empress | ||||
| Born | 28 March 1712 | ||||
| Died | 8 April 1748 (aged 36) | ||||
| Burial | Yuling Mausoleum, Eastern Qing tombs, China | ||||
| Spouse | Qianlong Emperor | ||||
| Issue |
unnamed daughter Yonglian Gurun Princess Hejing Yongcong |
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| Father | Lirongbao | ||||
| Posthumous name | |
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| Empress Xiaoxian Chengzheng Dunmu Renhui Weigong Kangshun Futian Changsheng Chun (孝賢誠正敦穆仁惠徽恭康順輔天昌聖純皇后) |
| Empress Xiaoxianchun | |||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 孝賢純皇后 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 孝贤纯皇后 | ||||||
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| Lady Fuca | |||||||
| Chinese | 富察氏 | ||||||
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| Manchu name | |||||||
| Manchu script | ᡥᡳᠶᠣᠣᡧᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡝᡵᡩᡝᠮᡠᠩᡤᡝ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡥᡝᠣ | ||||||
| Romanization | hiyoošungga erdemungge yongkiyangga hūwangheo | ||||||
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xiàoxiánchún Huánghòu |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Fúchá Shì |
Empress Xiaoxianchun (28 March 1712 – 8 April 1748) was the first Empress Consort of the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty.
Empress Xiaoxianchun was born in the Manchu Fuca (富察) clan, which was under the Bordered Yellow Banner. Her personal name is not recorded in history.
Lady Fuca's great-grandfather, Hashitun (哈什屯; 1589–1663), served as a member of the Vanguards under Nurhaci, the founder of the Qing dynasty, and later joined the Imperial Guards. He served the Shunzhi Emperor after 1650 and was awarded the title of a baron. Her grandfather, Misihan (米思翰; 1632–1675), served as a minister of the Imperial Household Department in the early reign of the Kangxi Emperor. He was also Secretary of the Ministry of Revenue and a member of the Deliberative Council of Princes and Ministers. Her father, Lirongbao (李榮保; died 1723), was the Supervisor of Chahar Province, and was posthumously granted the title of a first class duke when his daughter became Empress in 1737. Lady Fuca had three uncles – Masika (馬斯喀; died 1704), Maqi (馬齊; 1652–1739), and Mawu (馬武; died 1726) – who served in high-ranking positions in the Qing government during the reign of the Kangxi and Yongzheng Emperors.
Lady Fuca had seven elder brothers, two younger brothers, and several sisters. Among her siblings, the most notable one was Fuheng (1715–1770), who was the commander of the Qing forces in the Sino-Burmese War in 1769.
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