Elgin and Belvidere Electric Railway

Elgin & Belvidere Electric
An Elgin and Belvidere car meets a Rockford and Interurban car at the Belvidere terminal
Overview
Type	Interurban
Status	Defunct
Locale	Fox River Valley
Termini	Elgin, Illinois Belvidere and Rockford, Illinois
Operation
Opened	February 2, 1907
Closed	March 10, 1930
Technical
Line length	36 miles (58 km)
Track gauge	4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Electrification	Trolley wire
Route map Rockford Cherry Valley Belvidere Kishwaukee River Camp Epworth Garden Prairie Boone County McHenry County Marengo shops Union Huntley McHenry County Kane County Gilberts Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad Elgin This diagram:

The Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company (operational from 1907-1930) was a 36-mile (58 km) interurban line that connected Belvidere, Illinois and Elgin, Illinois. It was the central link in the interurban network connecting Freeport, Rockford, Elgin and Chicago which included the Rockford and Interurban Railway to the west and the Chicago, Aurora and Elgin Railway to the east. In 1927, the line was extended to Rockford over a line of the Rockford and Interurban.

The Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company was incorporated March 11, 1905.Bion J. Arnold acquired the railroad after it went into financial difficulties during construction in 1906. His company, The Arnold Company, designed and built the power generating stations and the overhead structure for the railway, and had largely been paid in railway securities. Construction of the line was completed in 1906, however it did not enter service until February 2, 1907.

Arnold used the railroad as a proving ground for pioneering designs; the first automatic substation was on the line at Union and the railroad was one of a handful to use gasoline generators to generate electric power. Its consisted of standard wooden interurban cars which typically ran in short one- to three-car trains on hourly intervals. Arnold himself was heavily involved in the line's construction and management, and at one point operated the cars himself during a strike.

On May 1, 1927, the Elgin and Belvidere Electric was sold to Milton Ellis and his associates, owners of the Rockford and Interurban and the local Rockford trolley lines. A new company, the Elgin, Belvidere and Rockford Railway, was formed and the Rockford to Belvidere line of the Rockford and Interurban Railway was transferred to it. Bion Arnold remained as manager and president of the new company.

The railroad was never particularly profitable, with a rate of return of about 2% in its best years. On March 10, 1930, the railroad ceased operations due to competition from the parallel Chicago and North Western Railway and from the automobile, after the paving of nearby US 20. For a time the railroad sat moribund, with the cars stored at the shops in Marengo, until Arnold scrapped the line himself in the mid to late 1930s.