Eastern Front (World War I)

Eastern Front
Part of World War I
Clockwise from top left: Carpathian Mountains, 1915; German soldiers in Kiev, March 1918; the Russian ship Slava, October 1917; Russian infantry, 1914; Romanian infantry.
Date 17 August 1914 – 3 March 1918 (3 years, 6 months and 2 weeks) Location Central, Eastern, & Southeastern Europe Result Central Powers victory Collapse of the Russian Empire leading to the Russian Revolution Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine), Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Russia), Treaty of Bucharest
Belligerents
German Empire  Austria-Hungary  Kingdom of Bulgaria (1916–17)  Ottoman Empire (1916–17)	Russian Empire (1914–17) Russian Republic (1917)  Kingdom of Romania (1916–18) Russian SFSR (1918)
Commanders and leaders
Paul von Hindenburg Erich Ludendorff Leopold of Bavaria Max Hoffmann August von Mackensen Conrad von Hötzendorf Arthur Arz von Straußenburg Nikola Zhekov	Tsar Nicholas II Grand Duke Nicholas Aleksei Brusilov Lavr Kornilov Nikolay Dukhonin Ferdinand I Nikolai Krylenko
Casualties and losses
1,468,811: 173,840 dead 1,151,153 wounded 143,818 missing/captured 3,510,000: 600,000 killed 1,810,000 wounded 1,100,000 missing or captured 45,000: 10,000 captured 30,250 Total: ~5,100,000 casualties	9,347,000: 2,254,369 killed 3,749,000 wounded 3,343,900 captured 535,700: 335,706 dead 120,000 wounded 80,000 captured Total: ~9,900,000 casualties
Civilian Deaths: 2,000,000+ Russia: 410,000 died due to military action 730,000 died of war-related causes Kingdom of Romania: 130,000 died due to military action 200,000 died of war-related causes Austria-Hungary: 120,000 civilians died due to military action 467,000 civilians died of war-related causes

Central Powers victory

The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (Russian: Восточный фронт, Vostochnıy front, sometimes called the "Second Fatherland War" or "Second Patriotic War" (Russian: Вторая Отечественная война, Vtoraya Otechestvennaya voyna) in Russian sources) was a theatre of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between the Russian Empire and Romania on one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on the other. It stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, included most of Eastern Europe and stretched deep into Central Europe as well. The term contrasts with "Western Front", which was being fought in Belgium and France.

In the opening months of the war, the Imperial Russian Army attempted an invasion of eastern Prussia in the northwestern theater, only to be beaten back by the Germans after some initial success. At the same time, in the south, they successfully invaded Galicia, defeating the Austro-Hungarian forces there. In Russian Poland, the Germans failed to take Warsaw. But by 1915, the German and Austro-Hungarian armies were on the advance, dealing the Russians heavy casualties in Galicia and in Poland, forcing it to retreat. Grand Duke Nicholas was sacked from his position as the commander-in-chief and replaced by the Tsar himself. Several offensives against the Germans in 1916 failed, including Lake Naroch Offensive and the Baranovichi Offensive. However, General Aleksei Brusilov oversaw a highly successful operation against Austria-Hungary that became known as the Brusilov Offensive, which saw the Russian Army make large gains.

...
Wikipedia