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Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
(1978–87)
جمهوری دمکراتی افغانستان
Jumhūri-ye Dimukrātī-ye Afghānistān
دافغانستان دمکراتی جمهوریت
Dǝ Afġānistān Dimukratī Jumhūriyat

Republic of Afghanistan
(1987–92)
جمهوری افغانستان
Jumhūrī-ye Afġānistān
د افغانستان جمهوریت
Dǝ Afġānistān Jumhūriyat
1978–1992
Flag (1987–92) Coat of arms (1987–92)
Motto
کارگران جهان متحد شوید (Dari)
kârgarân-e jahân mottahed šavid! (transliteration)
(Working men of all nations, unite!)
Anthem
Soroud-e-Melli
"National Anthem"
Capital Kabul
Languages Dari
Pashto
Government Unitary republic
See Political system below
General Secretary
 •  1978–1979 Nur Muhammad Taraki (first)
 •  1986–1992 Mohammad Najibullah (last)
Head of State
 •  1978–1979 Nur Muhammad Taraki (first)
 •  1992 Abdul Rahim Hatif (last)
Head of Government
 •  1978–1979 Nur Muhammad Taraki (first)
 •  1990–1992 Fazal Haq Khaliqyar (last)
Legislature Revolutionary Council
Historical era Cold War
 •  Saur Revolution 27–28 April 1978
 •  Government established 30 April 1978
 •  Soviet intervention 27 December 1979
 •  Soviet withdrawal 15 February 1989
 •  Fall of Kabul 28 April 1992
Area
 •  1992 647,500 km² (250,001 sq mi)
Population
 •  1992 est. 13,811,900 
     Density 21.3 /km²  (55.2 /sq mi)
Currency Afghani (AFA)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Republic of Afghanistan
Islamic State of Afghanistan
Today part of  Afghanistan

Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari: افغانستان, Afġānistān), officially the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA; Dari: جمهوری دمکراتی افغانستان‎, Jumhūri-ye Dimukrātī-ye Afġānistān; Pashto: دافغانستان دمکراتی جمهوریت‎, Dǝ Afġānistān Dimukratī Jumhūriyat), renamed in 1987 to the Republic of Afghanistan (Dari: جمهوری افغانستان‎; Jumhūrī-ye Afġānistān; Pashto: د افغانستان جمهوریت‎, Dǝ Afġānistān Jumhūriyat), existed from 1978 to 1992 and covers the period when the socialist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) ruled Afghanistan. The PDPA came to power through a coup known as the Saur Revolution, which ousted the government of Mohammad Daoud Khan. Daoud was succeeded by Nur Muhammad Taraki as head of state and government on 30 April 1978. Taraki and Hafizullah Amin, the organiser of the Saur Revolution, introduced several contentious reforms during their rule, the most notable being equal rights to women, universal education and land reform. Soon after taking power a power struggle began between the Khalqists led by Taraki and Amin and the Parchamites led by Babrak Karmal. The Khalqists won and the Parcham faction was purged from the party. The most prominent Parcham leaders were exiled to the Eastern Bloc and the Soviet Union.


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