Saffron crocus | |
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C. sativus blossom with crimson stigmas | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
(unranked): | Angiosperms |
(unranked): | Monocots |
Order: | Asparagales |
Family: | Iridaceae |
Subfamily: | Crocoideae |
Genus: | Crocus |
Species: | C. sativus |
Binomial name | |
Crocus sativus L. |
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Synonyms | |
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Crocus sativus, commonly known as saffron crocus, or autumn crocus, is a species of flowering plant of the Crocus genus in the Iridaceae family. It is best known for the spice saffron, which is produced from parts of the flowers.
The cormous autumn-flowering perennial plant species is unknown in the wild. Human cultivation of saffron crocus and use of saffron is known to have taken place for more than 3,500 years and spans different cultures, continents, and civilizations, see history of saffron.
Illustration from Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen (1897)
Flower's profile, Serra de Casteltallat, Catalonia, Spain
Saffron threads are the dried styles and stigmas of C. sativus.
Saffron harvesting, Torbat-e Heydarieh, Iran