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Creatinine

Creatinine
Creatinine-tautomerism-2D-skeletal.png
Creatinine-tautomerism-3D-balls.png
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Amino-1-methyl-5H-imidazol-4-one
Systematic IUPAC name
2-Amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ol
Other names
2-Amino-1-methylimidazol-4-ol
Identifiers
3D model (Jmol)
3DMet B00175
112061
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.424
EC Number 200-466-7
KEGG
MeSH Creatinine
PubChem CID
UNII
UN number 1789
Properties
C4H7N3O
Molar mass 113.12 g·mol−1
Appearance White crystals
Density 1.09 g cm−3
Melting point 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) (decomposes)
1 part per 12

90 mg/ml at 20° C

log P -1.76
Acidity (pKa) 12.309
Basicity (pKb) 1.688
Isoelectric point 11.19
Thermochemistry
138.1 J K−1 mol−1 (at 23.4 °C)
167.4 J K−1 mol−1
−240.81–239.05 kJ mol−1
−2.33539–2.33367 MJ mol−1
Hazards
Harmful Xn
R-phrases R34, R36/37/38, R20/21/22
S-phrases S26, S36/37/39, S45, S24/25, S36
NFPA 704
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g., canola oil Health code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentine Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point 290 °C (554 °F; 563 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

90 mg/ml at 20° C

Creatinine (/kriˈætnn/ or /kriˈætnn/; from Greek: κρέας, translit. kreas, lit. 'flesh') is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle, and is usually produced at a fairly constant rate by the body (depending on muscle mass).

Serum creatinine (a blood measurement) is an important indicator of renal health because it is an easily measured byproduct of muscle metabolism that is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Creatinine itself is produced via a biological system involving creatine, phosphocreatine (also known as creatine phosphate), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP, the body's immediate energy supply).

Creatine is synthesized primarily in the liver from the methylation of glycocyamine (guanidino acetate, synthesized in the kidney from the amino acids arginine and glycine) by S-adenosyl methionine. It is then transported through blood to the other organs, muscle, and brain, where, through phosphorylation, it becomes the high-energy compound phosphocreatine. Creatine conversion to phosphocreatine is catalyzed by creatine kinase; spontaneous formation of creatinine occurs during the reaction.


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Wikipedia

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