Creatinine

Creatinine

Names
Preferred IUPAC name 2-Amino-1-methyl-5H-imidazol-4-one
Systematic IUPAC name 2-Amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ol
Other names 2-Amino-1-methylimidazol-4-ol
Identifiers
CAS Number	60-27-5 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
3DMet	B00175
Beilstein Reference	112061
ChEBI	CHEBI:16737 N
ChemSpider	21640982 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.424
EC Number	200-466-7
KEGG	D03600 Y
MeSH	Creatinine
PubChem CID	26009888 588 minor tautomer
UNII	AYI8EX34EU Y
UN number	1789
InChI InChI=1S/C4H7N3O/c1-7-2-3(8)6-4(7)5/h2,8H,1H3,(H2,5,6) Y Key: BTXYOFGSUFEOLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C4H7N3O/c1-7-2-3(8)6-4(7)5/h2H2,1H3,(H2,5,6,8) Key: DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYAV
SMILES CN1C=C(O)N=C1N
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H7N3O
Molar mass	113.12 g·mol−1
Appearance	White crystals
Density	1.09 g cm−3
Melting point	300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	1 part per 12 90 mg/ml at 20° C
log P	-1.76
Acidity (pKa)	12.309
Basicity (pKb)	1.688
Isoelectric point	11.19
Thermochemistry
Specific heat capacity (C)	138.1 J K−1 mol−1 (at 23.4 °C)
Std molar entropy (So298)	167.4 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	−240.81–239.05 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcHo298)	−2.33539–2.33367 MJ mol−1
Hazards
EU classification (DSD)	Xn
R-phrases	R34, R36/37/38, R20/21/22
S-phrases	S26, S36/37/39, S45, S24/25, S36
NFPA 704	1 1 0
Flash point	290 °C (554 °F; 563 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

90 mg/ml at 20° C

Creatinine (/kriˈætᵻnᵻn/ or /kriˈætᵻniːn/; from Greek: κρέας, translit. kreas, lit. 'flesh') is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle, and is usually produced at a fairly constant rate by the body (depending on muscle mass).

Serum creatinine (a blood measurement) is an important indicator of renal health because it is an easily measured byproduct of muscle metabolism that is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Creatinine itself is produced via a biological system involving creatine, phosphocreatine (also known as creatine phosphate), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP, the body's immediate energy supply).

Creatine is synthesized primarily in the liver from the methylation of glycocyamine (guanidino acetate, synthesized in the kidney from the amino acids arginine and glycine) by S-adenosyl methionine. It is then transported through blood to the other organs, muscle, and brain, where, through phosphorylation, it becomes the high-energy compound phosphocreatine. Creatine conversion to phosphocreatine is catalyzed by creatine kinase; spontaneous formation of creatinine occurs during the reaction.