Countries dependent on the Bay of Bengal
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Rank | City | Country | Region/County | Population (urban) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dhaka | Bangladesh | Dhaka Division | 18,898,000 | ||
| 3 | Kolkata | India | West Bengal | 14,617,882 | ||
| 2 | Bangkok | Thailand | Bangkok Province | 14,565,547 | ||
| 3 | Jakarta | Indonesia | Special Capital Region | 10,075,310 | ||
| 4 | Chennai | India | Tamil Nadu | 8,917,749 | ||
| 5 | Yangon | Myanmar | Yangon Region | 7,360,703 | ||
| 6 | Chittagong | Bangladesh | Chittagong Division | 4,009,423 | ||
| 7 | Colombo | Sri Lanka | Western Province | 2,323,826 | ||
| 8 | Mandalay | Myanmar | Mandalay Region | 1,726,889 | ||
| 9 | Asansol | India | West Bengal | 12,43,008 | ||
| 10 | Guwahati | India | Assam | 962,334 | ||
| 11 | Chiang Mai | Thailand | Chiang Mai Province | 960,906 | ||
| Sources: Census reports of Bangladesh, Thailand, India and Myanmar | ||||||
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Rank | Port City | Harbour | Country | Container traffic (TEU) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Colombo | Port of Colombo | Sri Lanka | 5 million | ||
| 2 | Chittagong | Port of Chittagong | Bangladesh | 2.2 million | ||
| 3 | Chennai | Port of Chennai | India | 1.5 million | ||
| 4 | Kolkata | Port of Kolkata | India | 662,891 | ||
| 5 | Tuticorin | Tuticorin Port Trust | India | 560,000 | ||
| 6 | Visakhapatnam | Visakhapatnam Port | India | 291,000 | ||
| 7 | Yangon | Port of Yangon | Myanmar | 244,888 | ||
| 8 | Mongla | Port of Mongla | Bangladesh | 100,000 | ||
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The Countries dependent on the Bay of Bengal include littoral and landlocked countries that depend on the Bay of Bengal for maritime usage. Historically, the Bay of Bengal has been a highway of transport, trade and cultural exchange between diverse peoples encompassing South Asia and Southeast Asia. Today, the Bay of Bengal region is the convergence of two major geopolitical blocs- the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multisectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) promotes regional engagement in the area.
The Bay of Bengal countries are often categorized into a maritime subregion. The bay hosts vital shipping routes linking its littoral and landlocked hinterland with the Indian Ocean. Its sea bed is being explored and exploited for hydrocarbon reserves.
Prince Vijaya, the first recorded king of Sri Lanka, traveled from ancient Vanga (Bengal) through the Bay of Bengal to the island of Lanka and colonized it. Ancient Malay chronicles record the sailor Buddha Gupta traveling from Bengal to the Malay Archipelago through the Bay of Bengal.Ptolemy's map refers to the Bay of Bengal as the Gulf of the Ganges.
Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms in Southeast Asia depended on the Bay of Bengal for trade and cultural exchange. The South Indian Chola dynasty dominated the region in the 11th century, with records describing the Bay of Bengal as Chola's Lake.
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