Confederation of the Equator

The Brazilian Army fighting the Confederate troops in Recife, capital of Pernambuco, 1824.

Date	1824
Location	Pernambuco Ceará Paraíba
Result	Empire of Brazil victory

Belligerents

Empire of Brazil

Confederates

Commanders and leaders

Thomas Cochrane

General Lima e Silva

Manuel de Carvalho Pais de Andrade
Frei Caneca

Strength

In Pernambuco:3,500 troops
1 Carrack, 1 Brig, 1 Corvette, 2 Schooners
In Ceará: 2,200 troops
In Paraíba:2,000 troops

In Pernambuco: unknown
In Ceará: unknown
In Paraíba:unknown

Casualties and losses

unknown

Empire of Brazil

The Confederation of the Equator (Portuguese: Confederação do Equador) was a short-lived rebellion that occurred in the northeastern region of Brazil after that nation's struggle for independence from Portugal. The secessionist movement was led by wealthy landowners who opposed early reforms by the nation's first leader, Emperor Pedro I. The fight occurred in Pernambuco, Ceará and Paraíba.

The dissolution of the Brazilian Constituent Assembly in 1823 was well received in Pernambuco. The two greatest liberal leaders in the province, Manuel de Carvalho Pais de Andrade and Joaquim do Amor Divino Rabelo e Caneca (popularly known as "Frei Caneca") supported it and blamed the Bonifacians for the act. Both, as well as other coreligionists, were republicans who participated in the revolt of 1817 and had been pardoned. They had accepted the monarchy for believing that at least there would be more autonomy for the provinces. The promulgation of the Constitution in 1824, with its highly centralized regime, frustrated their desire. Pernambuco was divided between two political factions: a monarchist, led by Francisco Paes Barreto and another republican one, led by Manuel de Carvalho Pais de Andrade. The province was governed by Paes Barreto, who was appointed President by Pedro I, in accordance with the law promulgated by the Constituent Assembly on October 20, 1823 (and that would be later kept by the Constitution). On December 13, 1823, Paes Barreto resigned under the pressure of the Liberals that illegally elected in his place Paes de Andrade. Neither Pedro I nor the Government were informed of the election and requested the return of Paes Barreto to the office, something that was ignored by the Liberals.

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