Chen Jiongming
| Chen Jiongming 陳炯明 |
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| Born | 13 January 1878 Haifeng, Shanwei, Guangdong, China |
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| Died | 22 September 1933 (aged 55) | ||||||||||||||||
| Nationality | Chinese | ||||||||||||||||
| Occupation |
Lawyer Politician Revolutionary |
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Chén Jiǒngmíng |
| Wade–Giles | Ch‘en2 Chiung3-ming2 |
| IPA | [ʈʂʰə̌n tɕjʊ̀ŋmǐŋ] |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Chàhn Gwíng-mìhng |
| Jyutping | Can4 Gwing2-ming4 |
Chen Jiongming (Chinese: 陳炯明; Wade–Giles: Ch’en Chiung-ming; 13 January 1878 – 22 September 1933) was a revolutionary figure in the early period of the Republic of China.
Chen Jiongming was born in 1878 at Haifeng, Guangdong, China.
He was by training a lawyer and became a Qing legislator, a republican revolutionary, a military leader, a civil administrator and a federalist who sought to reconstruct China as a democratic republic. He joined the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance in 1909 and obtained the post of commander-in-chief of the Guangdong Army. He became the military governor of Guangdong three times (1911–12, 1913, 1920–23) and civil governor of Guangdong from 1920 to 1922 and military governor of Guangxi from 1921 to 1922.
Chen was instrumental in backing Sun Yat-sen's Constitutional Protection Movement. He also restored Sun to power after the Guangdong-Guangxi War. Chen disagreed with Sun about the direction that reform should take. Sun wanted to unite the country by force and institute change through a centralized government based on a one-party system. Chen advocated a multiparty federalism with Guangdong becoming the model province and the peaceful unification of China. Sun became suspicious that the federalist movement was being exploited by the warlords to justify their military fiefdoms.
Relations deteriorated further when Sun became "extraordinary president", a move not condoned by the Provisional Constitution. It was Chen who first invited the Chinese Communist Party to Guangdong against Sun's objection that the Communists might dilute the movement. After the First Zhili-Fengtian War in 1922, there was a strong movement to reunite the northern and southern governments by having both Sun and Xu Shichang resign their rival presidencies in favor of restoring Li Yuanhong as president of a united republic. Chen was enthusiastic but Sun felt the new government would be a powerless puppet of the Zhili clique.
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