Carl Hagenbeck
| Carl Hagenbeck | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Born |
June 10, 1844 Hamburg, Germany |
| Died | April 14, 1913 (aged 68) Hamburg, Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Known for | |
| Parent(s) | Claus Gottfried Carl Hagenbeck |
Carl Hagenbeck (June 10, 1844 – April 14, 1913) was a German merchant of wild animals and humans who supplied many European zoos, as well as P. T. Barnum. He created the modern zoo with animal enclosures without bars that were closer to their natural habitat. The transformation of the zoo architecture initiated by him is known as the Hagenbeck revolution. Hagenbeck founded Germany's most successful privately owned zoo, the Tierpark Hagenbeck, which moved to its present location in Hamburg's Stellingen district in 1907. He was a pioneer in displaying humans next to animals in human zoos.
Hagenbeck was born on June 10, 1844, to Claus Gottfried Carl Hagenbeck (1810–1887), a fishmonger who ran a side business buying and selling exotic animals.
When Hagenbeck was 14, his father gave him some seals and a polar bear. His collection of animals grew until he needed large buildings to keep them. Hagenbeck left his home in Hamburg to accompany hunters and explorers on trips to jungle regions and snow-clad mountains. He captured animals in nearly every continent in the world. In 1874, he decided to exhibit Samoan and Sami people (then known as "Laplanders") as "purely natural" populations, with their tents, weapons, sleds, near a group of reindeer.
In 1875, Hagenbeck began to exhibit his animals in all the large cities of Europe as well as in the United States.
In 1876, he sent a collaborator to the Egyptian Sudan to bring back some wild beasts and Nubians. The Nubian exhibit was very successful in Europe, and toured Paris, London, and Berlin. In 1880, his agent Johan Adrian Jacobsen recruited a group of eight Labrador Inuit. The group toured Hamburg, Berlin, Prague, Frankfurt, Darmstadt, Krefeld and Paris. One member of the group, Abraham Ulrikab, kept a diary during his travels in Europe. Unfortunaly, all eight Inuit were killed by smallpox.
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