Carl Aurivillius

Karl Aurivillius (August 2, 1717 – January 19, 1786 Uppsala) was a Swedish linguist, translator and orientalist.

At age twelve he began studying Arabic, and since he also read Persian, Turkish, and Georgian. He studied at Uppsala University and in Paris, Leiden and Halle. He became friends with the major contemporary Orientalists, as Michaelis, Etienne Fourmont and Albert Schultens.

Aurivillius was a master of the Syriac, Arabic, Sanskrit and oriental languages.

In 1747 he became associate professor of Greek and Oriental Languages at Uppsala. His thesis was on the USU dialect Arabica, and earned his doctorate in 1752 with a dissertation on Ibn al-Wardi cosmography. He was part of King Gustav III's Bible Commission and translated almost the entire Old Testament into Swedish.

He often worked as a translator for the government's diplomatic relations with the Orient and at the Office of Trade. For a time he worked to catalog Queen Lovisa Ulrika's Oriental manuscript collection. In 1754 he was appointed professor of poetry in Uppsala, and in 1772 Professor of Oriental Languages. With Linnaeus's resignation, he became in 1767 permanent secretary of the Society of Sciences in Uppsala. In the years 1757-1786 was also Aurivillius inspector at Västgöta.

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