Bremen (state)
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Free Hanseatic City of Bremen Freie Hansestadt Bremen |
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| State of Germany | |||
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| Coordinates: 53°4′33″N 8°48′27″E / 53.07583°N 8.80750°E | |||
| Country | Germany | ||
| Capital | Bremen | ||
| Government | |||
| • Senate President | Carsten Sieling (SPD) | ||
| • Governing parties | SPD / Alliance '90/The Greens | ||
| • Bundesrat votes | 3 (of 69) | ||
| Area | |||
| • City | 419.38 km2 (161.92 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2015-12-31) | |||
| • City | 671,489 | ||
| • Density | 1,600/km2 (4,100/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| ISO 3166 code | DE-HB | ||
| Vehicle registration | HB (1906–1947; again since 1956) BM (1947), AE (1947–1956) |
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| GDP/ Nominal | €32/$35 billion (2015) | ||
| GDP per capita | €48,000/$53,000 (2015) | ||
| NUTS Region | DE5 | ||
| Website | bremen.de | ||
The Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (German: Freie Hansestadt Bremen, pronounced [ˈbʁeːmən]) is the smallest of Germany's 16 states. A more informal name, but used in some official contexts, is Land Bremen ('State of Bremen').
The state consists of two enclaves with two cities (Bremen and Bremerhaven) in the North of Germany, surrounded by the larger state of Lower Saxony.
The state of Bremen consists of two separated enclaves. These enclaves contain Bremen, officially the 'City' (Stadtgemeinde Bremen) which is the state capital and located in both enclaves, and the city of Bremerhaven (Stadt Bremerhaven). Both are located on the River Weser; Bremerhaven is further downstream than the main parts of Bremen and serves as a North Sea harbour (the name Bremerhaven means "Bremen's harbour"). Both enclaves are completely surrounded by the neighbouring State of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen). The two cities are the only administrative subdivisions the state has.
The highest point in the state is in Friedehorst Park (32.5m).
At the unwinding of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 the Free Imperial City of Bremen (as of 1646, after earlier privileges of autonomy of 1186) was not mediatised but became a sovereign state officially titled Free Hanseatic City of Bremen. Its currency was the Bremen thaler (until 1873). In 1811 the First French Empire annexed the city-state. Upon the first, albeit only preliminary, defeat of Napoléon Bonaparte, Bremen resumed its pre-1811 status as city-state in 1813.
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