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Bremen (state)

Free Hanseatic City of Bremen
Freie Hansestadt Bremen
State of Germany
Bremen City Hall
Flag of Free Hanseatic City of Bremen
Flag
Coat of arms of Free Hanseatic City of Bremen
Coat of arms
Deutschland Lage von Bremen.svg
Coordinates: 53°4′33″N 8°48′27″E / 53.07583°N 8.80750°E / 53.07583; 8.80750
Country Germany
Capital Bremen
Government
 • Senate President Carsten Sieling (SPD)
 • Governing parties SPD / Alliance '90/The Greens
 • Bundesrat votes 3 (of 69)
Area
 • City 419.38 km2 (161.92 sq mi)
Population (2015-12-31)
 • City 671,489
 • Density 1,600/km2 (4,100/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
ISO 3166 code DE-HB
Vehicle registration HB (1906–1947; again since 1956)
BM (1947), AE (1947–1956)
GDP/ Nominal €32/$35 billion (2015)
GDP per capita €48,000/$53,000 (2015)
NUTS Region DE5
Website bremen.de

The Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (German: Freie Hansestadt Bremen, pronounced [ˈbʁeːmən]) is the smallest of Germany's 16 states. A more informal name, but used in some official contexts, is Land Bremen ('State of Bremen').

The state consists of two enclaves with two cities (Bremen and Bremerhaven) in the North of Germany, surrounded by the larger state of Lower Saxony.

The state of Bremen consists of two separated enclaves. These enclaves contain Bremen, officially the 'City' (Stadtgemeinde Bremen) which is the state capital and located in both enclaves, and the city of Bremerhaven (Stadt Bremerhaven). Both are located on the River Weser; Bremerhaven is further downstream than the main parts of Bremen and serves as a North Sea harbour (the name Bremerhaven means "Bremen's harbour"). Both enclaves are completely surrounded by the neighbouring State of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen). The two cities are the only administrative subdivisions the state has.

The highest point in the state is in Friedehorst Park (32.5m).

At the unwinding of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 the Free Imperial City of Bremen (as of 1646, after earlier privileges of autonomy of 1186) was not mediatised but became a sovereign state officially titled Free Hanseatic City of Bremen. Its currency was the Bremen thaler (until 1873). In 1811 the First French Empire annexed the city-state. Upon the first, albeit only preliminary, defeat of Napoléon Bonaparte, Bremen resumed its pre-1811 status as city-state in 1813.


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