Bontia
| Bontia | |
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| Flower of cultivated specimen of Bontia daphnoides growing at Oʻahu | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Scrophulariaceae |
| Tribe: | Myoporeae |
| Genus: |
Bontia L. |
| Species: | B.daphnoides |
| Binomial name | |
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Bontia daphnoides L. |
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| Synonyms | |
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Bontia daphnoides, commonly known as wild olive or white alling, is the only species of the flowering plant genus Bontia in the family Scrophulariaceae. It is a shrub or small tree growing on many Caribbean islands both as a wild plant and cultivated in gardens.
Bontia daphnoides is a shrub or small tree sometimes growing to a height of 5 metres (20 ft) with a trunk up to 15 centimetres (6 in) in diameter. The bark is light brown, thick and grooved. Its leaves are arranged alternately, mostly 62–108 millimetres (2–4 in) long, 14–22 millimetres (0.6–0.9 in) wide, elliptic in shape with a mid-vein visible on the lower surface. They are crowded on the ends of the branches and have many small oil glands.
The flowers are arranged singly in the axils of leaves on a stalk 15–20 millimetres (0.6–0.8 in) long. There are 5 egg-shaped, green pointed sepals which have hairy edges and the petals are joined at their bases to form a tube 15–20 millimetres (0.6–0.8 in) long. The tube has two lobes of different sizes and the lower one is rolled back and covered on its upper surface with a dense layer of purple hairs. The tube is yellowish-brown and covered with many raised oil glands on the outside. Flowers are present for most of the year and are followed by fruits which are roughly spherical with a small beak, pale yellow at first but drying to brown.
Bontia daphnoides was first formally described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus and the description was published in Species Plantarum. The specific epithet (daphnoides) is a derived from the Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos) meaning "form" or "likeness", possibly referring to the similarity of this species to plants in the genus Daphne. The species has many common names depending on the language spoken on the island where it is found. The name white alling is used in the Virgin Islands and wild olive in Barbados. Other names include olivier bord de mer (Martinique), mang blanc (Haiti), mangle (Puerto Rico) and aceituna americana (Cuba).
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