Bihar State
| Bihar | ||
|---|---|---|
| State | ||
Great Buddha Statue at Bodh Gaya, Bihar
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 Location of Bihar in India |
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| Coordinates (Patna): 25°22′N 85°08′E / 25.37°N 85.13°ECoordinates: 25°22′N 85°08′E / 25.37°N 85.13°E | ||
| Country |
 India |
|
| Formation | 22 March 1912 (Bihar Diwas) |
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| Statehood | 26 January 1950 | |
| Capital | Patna | |
| Largest city | Patna | |
| Districts | 38 | |
| Government | ||
| • Governor | Keshari Nath Tripathi (additional charge) | |
| • Chief Minister | Nitish Kumar (JD(U)) | |
| • Legislature |
Bicameral Legislative Council 75 Legislative Assembly 243 |
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| • Parliamentary constituency | 40 | |
| • High Court | Patna High Court | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 94,163 km2 (36,357 sq mi) | |
| Area rank | 13th | |
| Population (2011) | ||
| • Total | 103,804,637 | |
| • Rank | 3rd | |
| • Density | 1,102/km2 (2,850/sq mi) | |
| Demonym(s) | Bihari | |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) | |
| UN/LOCODE | INBR | |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-BR | |
| Vehicle registration | BR | |
| HDI |
 0.5361 (medium) |
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| HDI rank | 16th (2010) | |
| Literacy | 63.8% (2011) | |
| Official language | Hindi | |
| Additional official language | Urdu | |
| Website | gov |
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| Symbols of Bihar | ||
| Animal | Gaur (गौर) | |
| Bird |
House sparrow (घरेलू गौरैया) |
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| Flower | Kachnar (कचनार) | |
| Tree | Peepal (पीपल) | |
| Climate | |
|---|---|
| Classification | ETh |
| Avg. temperature | 27 °C (81 °F) |
| • Summer | 34 °C (93 °F) |
| • Winter | 10 °C (50 °F) |
| Precipitation | 1,200 mm (47 in) |
| Population growth | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1951 | 29,085,000 |
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| 1961 | 34,841,000 | 19.8% | |
| 1971 | 42,126,000 | 20.9% | |
| 1981 | 52,303,000 | 24.2% | |
| 1991 | 64,531,000 | 23.4% | |
| 2001 | 82,999,000 | 28.6% | |
| 2011 | 104,099,452 | 25.4% | |
| Source:Census of India | |||
Bihar (/bᵻˈhɑːr/; Hindustani pronunciation: [bɪˈɦaːr]) is an Indian state considered to be a part of Eastern as well as Northern India. It is the 13th-largest state of India, with an area of 94,163 km2 (36,357 sq mi). The third-largest state of India by population, it is contiguous with Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Bengal to the east, with Jharkhand to the south. The Bihar plain is split by the river Ganges which flows from west to east. Bihar is an amalgamation of three main distinct regions, these are Magadh, Mithila and Bhojpur.
On November 15, 2000, southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand. Only 11.3% of the population of Bihar lives in urban areas, which is the lowest in India after Himachal Pradesh. Additionally, almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, giving Bihar the highest proportion of young people of any Indian state. The official languages of the state are Hindi and Urdu. Other languages commonly used within the state include Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika (Maithili is the only one of these to be officially accepted by the government).
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