Beryllium chloride

Beryllium dichloride
Names

IUPAC name Beryllium chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7787-47-5^N
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	22991^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.197
PubChem CID	24588
RTECS number	DS2625000
InChI InChI=1S/Be.2ClH/h;21H/q+2;;/p-2^Y Key: LWBPNIJBHRISSS-UHFFFAOYSA-L^Y InChI=1/Be.2ClH/h;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: LWBPNIJBHRISSS-NUQVWONBAX
SMILES [Be+2].[Cl-].[Cl-]
Properties
Chemical formula	BeCl₂
Molar mass	79.9182 g/mol
Appearance	White or yellow crystals
Density	1.899 g/cm³, solid
Melting point	399 °C (750 °F; 672 K)
Boiling point	482 °C (900 °F; 755 K)
Solubility in water	15.1 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility	soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, and pyridine slightly soluble in chloroform and sulfur dioxide
Structure
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Molecular shape	polymer
Thermochemistry
Specific heat capacity (C)	7.808 J/K or 71.1 J/mol K
Std molar entropy (S^o₂₉₈)	63 J/mol K
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^o₂₉₈)	−6.136 kJ/g or -494 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (Δ_fG˚)	-468 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (Δ_cH^o₂₉₈)	16 kJ/mol
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	86 mg/kg (rat, oral)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 0.002 mg/m³ C 0.005 mg/m³ (30 minutes), with a maximum peak of 0.025 mg/m³ (as Be)
REL (Recommended)	Ca C 0.0005 mg/m³ (as Be)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [4 mg/m³ (as Be)]
Related compounds
Other anions	Beryllium fluoride Beryllium bromide Beryllium iodide
Other cations	Magnesium chloride Calcium chloride Strontium chloride Barium chloride Radium chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references

Beryllium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula BeCl₂. It is a colourless, hygroscopic solid that dissolves well in many polar solvents. Its properties are similar to those of aluminium chloride, due to beryllium's diagonal relationship with aluminium.

Beryllium chloride is prepared by reaction of the metal with chlorine at high temperatures:

BeCl₂ can also be prepared by carbothermal reduction of beryllium oxide in the presence of chlorine. BeCl₂ can be prepared by treating Be metal with hydrogen chloride.

The solid is a 1-dimensional polymer consisting of edge-shared tetrahedra. In contrast, BeF₂ is a 3-dimensional polymer, with a structure akin to that of quartz. In the gas phase, it exists both as a linear monomer and a bridged dimer with two bridging chlorine atoms where the beryllium atom is 3-coordinate. The linear shape of the monomeric form is as predicted by VSEPR theory. The linear shape contrasts with the monomeric forms of some of the dihalides of the heavier members of group 2, e.g. CaF₂, SrF₂, BaF₂, SrCl₂, BaCl₂, BaBr₂, and BaI₂, which are all non-linear.

Beryllium chloride is stable in dry air. Beryllium chloride is a Lewis acid and has been used as a catalyst in some organic reactions. It hydrolyzes, evolving hydrogen chloride:

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