Bdellium

Bdellium /ˈdɛliəm/ (Hebrew bedolach), also bdellion, is a semi-transparent oleo-gum resin extracted from Commiphora wightii and from Commiphora africana trees growing in Ethiopia, Eritrea and sub-saharan Africa.

Bdellium consists of a water-soluble gum, a resin and an essential oil. The essential oil of Commiphora africana contains predominantly α-thujene, α- and β-pinene, and p-cymene.

Bdellium is used in perfumery, as incense and in traditional medicine. It is an adulterant of the more costly myrrh.

Middle English, from Latin, from Greek βδέλλιον.

Commiphora africana resin is also known as African bdellium.

Theophrastus is perhaps the first classical author to mention Bdellium, if the report that came back from his informant in Alexander's expedition refers to Commiphora wightii: "In the region called Aria there is a thorn tree which produces a tear of resin, resembling myrrh in appearance and odour. It liquifies when the sun shines upon it."

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