Baden-Württemberg (/ˈbɑːdən vɜːrtəmˌbɜːrɡ/;German pronunciation: [ˌbaːdn̩ˈvʏʁtm̩bɛʁk]) is a state in Germany located in the southwest, east of the Upper Rhine. It is Germany’s third largest state in terms of size and population, with an area of 35,751 square kilometres (13,804 sq mi) and 10.8 million inhabitants. It was created following World War II by the merger of the separate states of Baden and Wurttemberg. The state capital and largest city is Stuttgart, formerly the capital of Wurttemberg alone.

The sobriquet Ländle ("small land" or "dear land" in the local dialect) is sometimes used as a synonym for Baden-Württemberg.

Baden-Württemberg is formed from the historical territories of Baden, Prussian Hohenzollern, and Württemberg, parts of Swabia.

In 100 AD, The Roman Empire invaded and occupied Württemberg, constructing a limes (fortified boundary zone) along its northern borders. Over the course of the third century AD, the Alamanni forced the Romans to retreat beyond the Rhine and Danube rivers. In 496 AD the Alemanni themselves succumbed to a Frankish invasion led by Clovis I.

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