Atomoxetine
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Strattera |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a603013 |
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| Routes of administration |
Oral |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 63 to 94% |
| Protein binding | 98% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic, via CYP2D6 |
| Biological half-life | 5.2 hours |
| Excretion | Renal (80%) and faecal (17%) |
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| Synonyms | (R)-N-Methyl-3-phenyl-3-(o-tolyloxy)propan-1-amine |
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| ChEMBL | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.158.200 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C17H21NO |
| Molar mass | 255.36 g/mol 291.81 g/mol (hydrochloride) |
| 3D model (Jmol) | |
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Atomoxetine (brand name: Strattera) is a drug which is approved for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clinical dosages inhibit both norepinephrine and serotonin transporters.
Classified as a norepinephrine (noradrenaline) reuptake inhibitor (NRI), atomoxetine is approved for use in children, adolescents, and adults. However, its efficacy has not been studied in children under six years old. Its primary advantage over the standard stimulant treatments for ADHD is that it has little known abuse potential. While it has been shown to significantly reduce inattentive and hyperactive symptoms, the responses were lower than the response to stimulants. Additionally, 40% of participants who were treated with Atomoxetine experienced significant residual ADHD symptoms.
The initial therapeutic effects of atomoxetine usually take 2–4 weeks to become apparent. A further 2–4 weeks may be required for the full therapeutic effects to be seen. Its efficacy may be less than that of stimulant medications.
Unlike α2 adrenoceptor agonists such as guanfacine and clonidine, atomoxetine's use can be abruptly stopped without significant discontinuation effects being seen.
There has been some suggestion that atomoxetine might be a helpful adjunct in people with major depression, particularly in cases where ADHD occurs comorbidly to major depression.
Incidence of adverse effects:
Very common (>10% incidence) adverse effects include:
Common (1-10% incidence) adverse effects include:
Uncommon (0.1-1% incidence) adverse effects include:
Rare (0.01-0.1% incidence) adverse effects including
The FDA of the US has issued a black box warning for suicidal behaviour/ideation. Similar warnings have been issued in Australia. Unlike stimulant medications, atomoxetine does not have abuse liability or the potential to cause withdrawal effects on abrupt discontinuation.
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Wikipedia