Arsacid Dynasty of Armenia
| Arsacid Արշակունի Arshakuni |
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|---|---|
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| Country |
Armenia Syria Cilicia Albania |
| Parent house | Arsacid of Parthia |
| Titles | |
| Founded | 52 |
| Founder | Tiridates I |
| Final ruler | Artaxias IV |
| Current head | Extinct |
| Dissolution | 428 |
The Arsacid dynasty, known natively as the Arshakuni dynasty (Armenian: Aršakuni), ruled the Kingdom of Armenia from 54 to 428. They are a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia. Arsacid Kings reigned intermittently throughout the chaotic years following the fall of the Artaxiad Dynasty until 62 when Tiridates I secured Arsacid dynasty of Parthia rule in Armenia. An independent line of Kings was established by Vologases II (Vagharsh II) in 180. Two of the most notable events under Arsacid rule in Armenian history were the conversion of Armenia to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator in 301 and the creation of the Armenian alphabet by Saint Mesrob in c. 406.
The first appearance of an Arsacid on the Armenian throne came about in 12 when the Parthian King Vonones I was exiled from Parthia due to his pro-Roman policies and Occidental manners. Vonones I briefly acquired the Armenian throne with Roman consent, but Artabanus III demanded his deposition, and as Emperor Augustus did not wish to begin a war with the Parthians he deposed Vonones I and sent him to Syria. Artabanus III did not waste time after deposition of Vonones I; he installed his son Orodes on the Armenian throne. Emperor Tiberius had no intention of giving up the buffer states of the Eastern frontier and sent his nephew and heir Germanicus to the East, who concluded a treaty with Artabanus III, in which he was recognized as king and friend of the Romans.
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