Anton Schrötter von Kristelli
| Anton Schrötter von Kristelli | |
|---|---|
Anton Schrötter von Kristelli, 1853 lithograph by Adolf Dauthage.
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| Born |
26 November 1802 Olomouc, Moravia |
| Died | 15 April 1875 (aged 72) |
| Nationality | Austrian |
| Fields | Chemistry, mineralogy |
| Institutions | University of Vienna |
| Alma mater | University of Vienna |
| Academic advisors |
Friedrich Mohs Andreas von Ettingshausen |
| Notable students | Joseph Goldmark |
Anton Schrötter von Kristelli (26 November 1802 – 15 April 1875) was an Austrian chemist and mineralogist born in Olomouc, Moravia. His son Leopold Schrötter Ritter von Kristelli (1837–1908) was a noted laryngologist.
Anton's father was an apothecary. He initially studied medicine in Vienna at the request of his father, but switched to the natural sciences under the influence of Friedrich Mohs (1773–1839). In 1827 he became an assistant to mathematician Andreas von Ettingshausen (1796–1878) and to physicist Andreas von Baumgartner (1793–1865) at the University of Vienna. Three years later he was appointed professor of physics and chemistry at the Joanneum Technical Institute in Graz, and from 1843 served as a professor of technical chemistry at the Polytechnic Institute in Vienna. In 1845 he succeeded Paul Traugott Meissner (1778–1864) as chair of chemistry. In 1868 he was appointed Master of the Austrian State Mint (Münze Österreich). Declining health made him retire in 1874.
As a chemist he conducted research involving reactions of metals with ammonia at higher temperatures, and performed investigations of substances such as amber, idrialite, ozokerite, asphalt and dopplerite. He also investigated the reactive behavior of potassium in liquid nitrous oxide, of phosphorus and antimony in liquid chlorine, and of iron towards oxygen at very low temperatures. In 1845 he discovered a process for preparing red phosphorus, a development which led to the invention of the safety match.
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