Ante Pavelić
| Ante Pavelić | |
|---|---|
Ante Pavelić in Ustaše uniform
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| Poglavnik of the Independent State of Croatia |
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In office 10 April 1941 – 8 May 1945 |
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| Monarch | Tomislav II (1941–1943) |
| Prime Minister | Nikola Mandić (since 1943) |
| 2nd Minister of Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia | |
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In office 4 January 1943 – 2 September 1943 |
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| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Slavko Kvaternik |
| Succeeded by | Miroslav Navratil |
| 1st Foreign Minister of the Independent State of Croatia | |
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In office 16 April 1941 – 9 June 1941 |
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| Monarch | Tomislav II |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Mladen Lorković |
| Member of Parliament of Yugoslavia | |
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In office 11 September 1927 – 7 January 1929 |
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| Monarch | Alexander I |
| Prime Minister |
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| Constituency | Zagreb |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
14 July 1889 Bradina, Konjic, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | 28 December 1959 (aged 70) Madrid, Spain |
| Resting place | San Isidro, Madrid, Spain |
| Nationality | Croat |
| Political party | Ustaše (1929–1945) |
| Other political affiliations |
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| Alma mater | University of Zagreb |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
| Signature |  |
Ante Pavelić (Croatian pronunciation: [ǎːnte pǎʋelit͡ɕ]; 14 July 1889 – 28 December 1959) was a Croatian fascist dictator who led the Ustaše movement and the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), established in parts of occupied Yugoslavia during World War II with the support of both Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. While in power, Pavelić pursued genocidal policies against ethnic and racial minorities such as Serbs, Jews, and Romani.
At the start of his career, Pavelić was a lawyer and a politician of the Croatian Party of Rights in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia known for his nationalist beliefs and support for an independent Croatia. By the end of the 1920s, his political activity became more radical as he called on Croats to revolt against Yugoslavia, and schemed an Italian protectorate of Croatia separate from Yugoslavia. After King Alexander I declared his 6 January Dictatorship in 1929 and banned all political parties, Pavelić went abroad and plotted with the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) to undermine the Yugoslav state, which prompted the Yugoslav authorities to try him in absentia and sentence him to death. In the meantime, Pavelić had moved to fascist Italy where he founded the Ustaše, a Croatian nationalist movement with the goal of creating an independent Croatia by any means, including the use of terror. Pavelić incorporated terrorist actions in the Ustaše program, such as train bombings and assassinations, staged a small uprising in Lika in 1932, culminating in the assassination of King Alexander in 1934 in conjunction with the IMRO. Pavelić was once again sentenced to death after being tried in France in absentia and, under international pressure, the Italians imprisoned him for 18 months, and largely obstructed the Ustaše in the following period.
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