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Ali ibn Abu Talib

‘Ali ibn Abi Talib
علي ابن أبي طالب
Amir al-Mu’minin (Arabic: أَمـيـر الـمُـؤمـنـيـن‎‎, "Commander of the Faithful Ones")' see section "Titles"
Calligraphic representation of Ali
4th Caliph of the Rashidun caliphate
(Sunni view)
Reign 656–661
Predecessor ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan
Successor His son Al-Hasan
1st Imam of all Muslims
(Shia view)
Predecessor Muhammad
Successor Al-Hasan
Born 13 Rajab 21 BH (15 September ACE 601)
Ka‘bah, Mecca, Hijaz, Arabian Peninsula
Died 21 Ramadan 40 AH (29 January ACE 661)
Kufa, Iraq
Burial Imam Ali Mosque, Najaf, Iraq
Spouses
Issue
(among others)
Full name

‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib

Arabic: علي ابن أبي طالب‎‎
Tribe Quraysh (Banu Hashim)
Father Abu Talib ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib
Mother Fatimah bint Asad
Religion Islam
Full name

‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib

Arabic: علي ابن أبي طالب‎‎
ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib
(رضي الله عنه)
Hakob Hovnatanian - Ali ibn Abi Talib.jpg
ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib by Hakob Hovnatanyan (c. 19th century)
Sunnism: Rightly-Guided Caliph
Shiism: First Imam
All Islam: Ahl al-Bayt, Ṣaḥābī, Martyr; Commander of the Faithful, One Promised Paradise, The Door to the City of Knowledge, One whom God Favored, The Great News, Leader of the God-conscious, Lion of God, Brave-heart, Leader of the Knights of God, Father of the Dust, King of the Saints, Leader of the Saints
Venerated in All Islam (Salafis honor rather than venerate him).
Major shrine Imam Ali Mosque, Najaf, Iraq

‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib

‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (/ˈɑːli, ɑːˈl/;Arabic: علي ابن أبي طالب‎, translit. ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib‎, Arabic pronunciation: [ʕaliː bɪn ʔabiː t̪ˤaːlɪb]; 13 Rajab, 21 BH – 21 Ramadan, 40 AH; 15 September 601 – 29 January 661) was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic Nabi (Arabic: نَـبِي‎‎, Prophet) Muhammad, ruling over the Caliphate from 656 to 661 ACE.

Born to Abu Talib and Fatimah bint Asad, ‘Ali was the only person born in the sacred sanctuary of the Ka‘bah in Mecca, the holiest place in Islam, according to many classical Islamic sources, especially Shia ones. ‘Ali was the first young male who accepted Islam. After migrating to Medina, he married Muhammad's daughter Fatimah. Ali took part in the early caravan raids from Mecca and later in almost all the battles fought by the nascent Muslim community. He was appointed caliph by Muhammad's Companions (Sahaba) in 656, after Caliph Uthman ibn Affan was assassinated. ‘Ali's reign saw civil unrest and in 661, he was attacked and assassinated by a Kharijite while praying in the Great Mosque of Kufa, dying two days later.


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