Aleksander Józef Lisowski

Aleksander Józef Lisowski HNG (c. 1580 – October 11, 1616) was a Polish–Lithuanian noble (szlachcic), commander of a mercenary group that after his death adopted the name "Lisowczycy." His coat of arms was Jeż (Hedgehog). Little is known about his childhood, except that his family moved to Grand Duchy of Lithuania (then a part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) sometime mid-16th century. First references of Aleksander Józef Lisowski put him in 1601 involved with the Moldavian Magnate Wars, first as a supporter of Mihai Viteazul (Polish: Michał Waleczny), later as a supporter of kanclerz Jan Zamoyski.

In 1604, during the early stages of the Polish–Swedish War, the Sejm of Commonwealth failed to gather money to pay its soldiers fighting in Livonia against the Swedes. Aleksander Józef Lisowski became one of the leaders of the resulting konfederacja – a mutinied part of the army, that decided to gather their wages by pillaging local civilians, not caring whether they pledged allegiance to Poland or Sweden. Although this annoyed the Lithuanian commander, hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, and resulted in the banicja sentence on Lisowski, little was done to stop the mutinied forces. Soon Lisowski with his followers joined the rokosz of Zebrzydowski, a larger rebellion against the Commonwealth Sigismund III Vasa.

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