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Alamo Mission

The Alamo
Alamo pano.jpg
The chapel of the Alamo Mission is known as the "Shrine of Texas Liberty"
Location 300 Alamo Plaza
San Antonio, Texas
USA
Coordinates 29°25′33″N 98°29′10″W / 29.42583°N 98.48611°W / 29.42583; -98.48611Coordinates: 29°25′33″N 98°29′10″W / 29.42583°N 98.48611°W / 29.42583; -98.48611
Area 5 acres (2.0 ha)
Built 1744
Governing body Texas General Land Office
Type Cultural
Criteria ii
Designated 2015 (39th session)
Part of San Antonio Missions
Reference no. 1466
State Party  United States
Region Europe and North America
Designated October 15, 1966
Reference no. 66000808
Designated December 19, 1960
Designated July 13, 1977
Part of Alamo Plaza Historic District
Reference no. 77001425
Designated June 28, 1983
Reference no. 8200001755
Alamo Mission in San Antonio is located in Texas
Alamo Mission in San Antonio
Location of The Alamo in Texas

The Alamo Mission in San Antonio, commonly called The Alamo and originally known as Misión San Antonio de Valero, is part of the San Antonio Missions World Heritage Site in San Antonio, Texas, United States. Founded in the 18th century as a Roman Catholic mission and fortress compound, it was the site of the Battle of the Alamo in 1836. The Alamo is now a museum in the Alamo Plaza Historic District.

The compound was one of the early Spanish missions in Texas, built for the education of area Native Americans after their conversion to Christianity. In 1793, the mission was secularized and then abandoned. Ten years later, it became a fortress housing a military unit, the Second Flying Company of San Carlos de Parras, who likely gave the mission the name Alamo. During the Texas Revolution, Mexican General Martin Perfecto de Cos surrendered the fort to the Texian Army in December 1835, following the Siege of Béxar. A relatively small number of Texian soldiers then occupied the compound for several months. They were wiped out at the Battle of the Alamo on March 6, 1836. When the Mexican army retreated from Texas several months later, they tore down many of the Alamo walls and burned some of the buildings.

For the next five years, the Alamo was periodically used to garrison soldiers, both Texian and Mexican, but was ultimately abandoned. In 1849, several years after Texas was annexed to the United States, the U.S. Army began renting the facility for use as a quartermaster's depot. The U.S. Army abandoned the mission in 1876 after nearby Fort Sam Houston was established. The Alamo chapel was sold to the state of Texas, which conducted occasional tours but made no effort to restore it. The remaining buildings were sold to a mercantile company which operated them as a wholesale grocery store.


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