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Alabama (U.S. state)

State of Alabama
Flag of Alabama State seal of Alabama
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): The Yellowhammer State, The Heart of Dixie, and The Cotton State
Motto(s): Latin: Audemus iura nostra defendere We dare to defend our rights
Map of the United States with Alabama highlighted
Official language English
Spoken languages

As of 2010

  • English 95.1%
  • Spanish 3.1%
Demonym Alabamian
Capital Montgomery
Largest city Birmingham
Largest metro Birmingham metropolitan area
Area Ranked 30th
 • Total 52,419 sq mi
(135,765 km2)
 • Width 190 miles (305 km)
 • Length 330 miles (531 km)
 • % water 3.20
 • Latitude 30° 11′ N to 35° N
 • Longitude 84° 53′ W to 88° 28′ W
Population Ranked 24th
 • Total 4,863,300 (2016 est.)
 • Density 94.7 (2011 est.)/sq mi  (36.5 (2011 est.)/km2)
Ranked 27th
 • Median household income $44,509 (47th)
Elevation
 • Highest point Mount Cheaha
2,413 ft (735.5 m)
 • Mean 500 ft  (150 m)
 • Lowest point Gulf of Mexico
Sea level
Before statehood Alabama Territory
Admission to Union December 14, 1819 (22nd)
Governor Kay Ivey (R)
Lieutenant Governor Vacant
Legislature Alabama Legislature
 • Upper house Senate
 • Lower house House of Representatives
U.S. Senators Richard Shelby (R)
Doug Jones (D)
U.S. House delegation 6 Republicans, 1 Democrat (list)
Time zones  
 • most of state Central: UTC −6/−5
 • Phenix City area Eastern: UTC −5/−4
ISO 3166 US-AL
Abbreviations AL, Ala.
Website alabama.gov
Alabama state symbols
Flag of Alabama.svg
Seal of Alabama.svg
Living insignia
Amphibian Red Hills salamander
Bird Yellowhammer, wild turkey
Butterfly Eastern tiger swallowtail
Fish Largemouth bass, fighting tarpon
Flower Camellia, oak-leaf hydrangea
Horse breed Racking horse
Insect Monarch butterfly
Mammal American black bear
Reptile Alabama red-bellied turtle
Tree Longleaf pine
Inanimate insignia
Beverage Conecuh Ridge Whiskey
Colors Red, white
Dance Square dance
Food Pecan, blackberry, peach
Fossil Basilosaurus
Gemstone Star blue quartz
Mineral Hematite
Rock Marble
Shell Johnstone's junonia
Slogan Share The Wonder,
Alabama the beautiful,
Where America finds its voice,
Sweet Home Alabama,
"Heart of Dixie"
Soil Bama
Song "Alabama"
State route marker
Alabama state route marker
State quarter
Alabama quarter dollar coin
Released in 2003
Lists of United States state symbols

As of 2010

Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states. With a total of 1,500 miles (2,400 km) of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.

Alabama is nicknamed the Yellowhammer State, after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the "Heart of Dixie" and the "Cotton State". The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery. The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville. The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.


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