Adurbadagan

Adurbadagan Āturpātakān
Province of the Sasanian Empire
← 224–651 →
Map of Adurbadagan and its surroundings
Capital		Ganzak
Historical era		Late Antiquity
•	Established	224
•	Annexed by the Rashidun Caliphate	651
Today part of		Iran

Adurbadagan, known as Āturpātakān in Middle Persian, Atropatene in Greek, and Atrpatakan in Armenian, was a Sasanian province in northern Iran which almost corresponded to the present day Iranian Azerbaijan. The capital of the province was Ganzak.

In 224, Adurbadagan submitted with little resistance to Ardashir I (r. 224–242) once he had defeated and killed Artabanus at the Battle of Hormizdegan. In 241/2, during the reign of his son and successor Shapur I (r. 240-270), the latter had to make a expedition to the province due to unrest. After that, the province became completely subdued. In the spring of 589, Adurbadagan was invaded by the Byzantine ally Guaram I of Iberia. However, when he discovered that the Sasanian army chief (spahbed) Bahram Chobin had defeated a massive Turkic army in Khorasan, and was now marching to Adurbadagan, he quickly withdrew. The following year, Bahram Chobin, after having been disgraced by king Hormizd IV, rebelled against him, and quickly managed to take control over the whole Sasanian Empire.

In August 591, the Battle of Blarathon took place near Ganzak, between Khosrau II's supporters and the rebel forces of Bahram Chobin. However, not long after the battle, Khosrau's maternal uncle Vistahm rebelled (precise date unknown, 590/1–596 or 594/5–600), and managed to gain control of some parts of Adurbadagan. He was, however, defeated by Khosrau II and the Sasanian general Smbat IV Bagratuni. During the Byzantine–Sassanid War of 602–28, Adurbadagan was invaded by the Byzantine emperor Heraclius, who had Ganzak sacked. Adurbadagan, including the rest of Iran, was briefly under the control of the former Sasanian spahbed Shahrbaraz.

...
Wikipedia