5-flucytosine
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Ancobon, Ancotil, Cytoflu, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a601132 |
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| Routes of administration |
by mouth, intravenous |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 75 to 90% (by mouth) |
| Protein binding | 2.9 to 4% |
| Metabolism | minimal, in the GI tract |
| Biological half-life | 2.4 to 4.8 hours |
| Excretion | kidney (90%) |
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| ChEMBL | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.016.336 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C4H4FN3O |
| Molar mass | 129.093 g/mol |
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Flucytosine, also known as 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), is an antifungal medication. It is specifically used, together with amphotericin B, for serious Candida infections and . It may be used by itself or with other antifungals for chromomycosis. Flucytosine is used by mouth and by injection into a vein.
Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, loss of appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, and psychosis.anaphylaxis and other allergic reactions occasionally occur. It is unclear if use in pregnancy is safe for the baby. Flucytosine is in the fluorinated pyrimidine analogue family of medications. It works by being converted into fluorouracil inside the fungus which then blocks its ability to make protein.
Flucytosine was first made in 1957. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. As of 2016, in the United States the medication cost about 2,000 USD per day while in the United Kingdom it is about 22 USD per day. It is not available in much of the developing world.
Flucytosine by mouth is used for the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of Candida or . It can also be used for the treatment of chromomycosis (chromoblastomycosis), if susceptible strains cause the infection. Flucytosine must not be used as a sole agent in life-threatening fungal infections due to relatively weak antifungal effects and fast development of resistance, but rather in combination with amphotericin B and/or azole antifungals such as fluconazole or itraconazole. Minor infections such as candidal cystitis may be treated with flucytosine alone. In some countries, treatment with slow intravenous infusions for no more than a week is also a therapeutic option, particular if the disease is life-threatening.
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