Fluconazole
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| Trade names | Diflucan, Celozole, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a690002 |
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| Routes of administration |
by mouth, IV, topical |
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| Bioavailability | >90% (oral) |
| Protein binding | 11–12% |
| Metabolism | liver 11% |
| Biological half-life | 30 hours (range 20-50 hours) |
| Excretion | kidney 61-88% |
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| Formula | C13H12F2N6O |
| Molar mass | 306.271 g/mol |
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Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used for a number of fungal infections. This includes candidiasis, blastomycosis, coccidiodomycosis, , histoplasmosis, dermatophytosis, and pityriasis versicolor. It is also used to prevent candidiasis in those who are at high risk such as follow organ transplantation, low birth weight babies, and those with low blood neutrophil counts. It is given either by mouth or by injection into a vein.
Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and increased liver enzymes. Serious side effects may include liver problems, QT prolongation, and seizures. During pregnancy it may increase the risk of miscarriage while large doses may cause birth defects. Fluconazole is in the azole antifungal family of medication. It is believed to work by affecting the fungal cellular membrane.
Fluconazole was patented in 1981 and came into commercial use in 1988. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. Fluconazole is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 0.05 to 0.10 USD per day. In the United States the wholesale price is about 1.14 to 1.75 USD per day as of 2016.
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