2K12 Kub
| 2K12 Kub NATO reporting name: SA-6 "Gainful" |
|
|---|---|
2P25 TEL with missiles elevated
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| Type | Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1970–present |
| Used by | See list of operators |
| Wars |
Yom Kippur War Angolan Civil War Chadian Civil War Western Sahara War Iran–Iraq War 1982 Lebanon War Gulf War Yugoslav wars |
| Production history | |
| Designer |
NIIP/Vympel MMZ (GM chassis) |
| Designed | 1959 |
| Manufacturer |
Ulyanovsk Mechanical Plant (SURNs) ZiK (TELs) |
| Produced | 1968–1985 |
| Number built | 500 launchers, 10 000 missiles |
| Variants | 2K12 Kub, 2K12E Kvadrat (export version), 2K12M3, 2K12M4 |
| Specifications (2K12 Kub) | |
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|
|
|
Main
armament |
3 9M336 (or variants) guided missiles |
| Engine | integral rocket motor/ramjet booster and sustainer motor |
|
Guidance
system |
command guidance with terminal semi-active radar homing (SARH) |
 Photo of one of the Buk prototype, based on Kub components
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|
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Photo of one of the Buk prototype, based on Kub components (sideview)
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| 3M9 | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Type | Surface-to-air missile |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Production history | |
| Variants | 3M9, 3M9M1, 3M9M3, 3M9M4 |
| Specifications (3M9) | |
| Weight | 599 kg |
| Length | 5,800 mm |
| Diameter | 335 mm |
| Warhead | Frag-HE |
| Warhead weight | 59 kg |
|
Detonation
mechanism |
Contact and proximity |
|
|
|
| Wingspan | 1.245 m |
| Propellant | integral rocket motor/ramjet booster and sustainer motor |
|
Operational
range |
24 kilometres (15 mi) |
| Flight altitude | Max. 14,000 metres (46,000 ft) Min. 100 metres (330 ft) |
| Speed | Mach 2.8 |
|
Guidance
system |
semi-active radar homing |
|
Launch
platform |
2P25 TEL |
| IVC 3M20M3 Peniye | |
|---|---|
| Type | Surface-to-air missile training target imitator system |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union/ Russia
|
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 600 kg |
| Length | 5841 mm |
| Warhead | no |
|
|
|
| Wingspan | 932 mm |
| Propellant | integral rocket motor/ramjet booster and sustainer motor |
|
Operational
range |
24 kilometres (15 mi) |
| Flight altitude | 500 metres (1,600 ft) – 6,000 metres (20,000 ft) |
| Speed | 200–600 m/s |
|
Guidance
system |
semi-active radar homing |
|
Launch
platform |
2P25 TEL |
The 2K12 "Kub" (Russian: 2К12 "Куб"; English: cube) (NATO reporting name: SA-6 "Gainful") mobile surface-to-air missile system is a Soviet low to medium-level air defence system designed to protect ground forces from air attack. "2К12" is the GRAU designation of the system.
Each 2K12 battery consists of a number of similar tracked vehicles, one of which carries the 1S91 (SURN vehicle, NATO designation "Straight Flush") 25 kW G/H band radar (with a range of 75 km (47 mi)) equipped with a continuous wave illuminator, in addition to an optical sight. The battery usually also includes four triple-missile transporter erector launchers (TELs), and four trucks, each carrying three spare missiles and a crane. The TEL is based on a GM-578 chassis, while the 1S91 radar vehicle is based on a GM-568 chassis, all developed and produced by MMZ.
The development of the 2K12 was started after 18 July 1958 at the request of the CPSU Central Committee. The system was set the requirements of being able to engage aerial targets flying at speeds of 420 to 600 m/s (820–1,170 kn) at altitudes of 100 to 7,000 m (330 to 22,970 ft) at ranges up to 20 km (12 mi), with a single shot kill probability of at least 0.7.
The systems design was the responsibility of the now Tikhomirov Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Design (NIIP). In addition to NIIP several other design bureaus were involved in the creation of the Kub missile system including the now JSC Metrowagonmash (former MMZ)which designed and produced the chassis of the self-propelled components. Many of the design bureaus would later go on to co-operate in the development of the successor to the 2K12 "Kub", the 9K37 "Buk"
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Wikipedia