1080 (poison)

Sodium fluoroacetate
Names

Multiple sodium fluoroacetate molecules arranged in a crystal. Fluorines are shown in green, sodium purple, oxygen red.
IUPAC name Sodium 2-fluoroacetate
Other names 1080; SFA; Sodium monofluoroacetate; Compound 1080
Identifiers
CAS Number	62-74-8^N
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:38699^Y
ChemSpider	5893^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.499
KEGG	C18588^N
PubChem CID	16212360
RTECS number	AH9100000
InChI InChI=1S/C2H3FO2.Na/c3-1-2(4)5;/h1H2,(H,4,5);/q;+1/p-1^Y Key: JGFYQVQAXANWJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M^Y InChI=1/C2H3FO2.Na/c3-1-2(4)5;/h1H2,(H,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Key: JGFYQVQAXANWJU-REWHXWOFAP
SMILES [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CF
Properties
Chemical formula	NaFC₂H₂O₂
Molar mass	100.0 g/mol
Appearance	Fluffy, colorless to white powder
Odor	odorless
Melting point	200 °C (392 °F; 473 K)
Boiling point	Decomposes
Solubility in water	soluble
Hazards
Main hazards	Toxic, Flammable
R/S statement (outdated)	R26 R27 R28
Flash point	?
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	1.7 mg/kg (rat, oral) 0.34 mg/kg (rabbit, oral) 0.1 mg/kg (rat, oral) 0.3 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral) 0.1 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 0.05 mg/m³ [skin]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.05 mg/m³ ST 0.15 mg/m³ [skin]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	2.5 mg/m³
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references

Sodium fluoroacetate, known in pesticide form as 1080, is the organofluorine chemical compound with the formula FCH₂CO₂Na. This colourless salt has a taste similar to that of sodium chloride and is used as a metabolic poison. Potassium fluoroacetate occurs naturally as an anti-herbivore metabolite in various plants but can also be produced synthetically. It is a derivative of fluoroacetic acid, a carboxylic acid. The more common fluorinated acetic acid (trifluoroacetic acid) and its derivatives are far less toxic.

The effectiveness of sodium fluoroacetate as a rodenticide was reported in 1942. The name "1080" refers to the catalogue number of the poison, which became its brand name.

The salt is synthesized by treating sodium chloroacetate with potassium fluoride.

Potassium fluoroacetate (as opposed to the commercially manufactured sodium salt) occurs naturally in at least 40 plant species in Australia, Brazil, and Africa. It was first identified in Dichapetalum cymosum, commonly known as gifblaar (Afrikaans) or poison leaf, by Marais in 1944. As early as 1904, colonists in Sierra Leone used extracts of Chailletia toxicaria, which also contains fluoroacetic acid or its salts, to poison rats. Several native Australian plant genera contain the toxin, including: Gastrolobium, Gompholobium, Oxylobium, Nemcia, and Acacia.

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