Épinay-sur-Orge
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Town hall
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 Épinay-sur-Orge
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Location within Île-de-France region
Épinay-sur-Orge
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| Coordinates: 48°40′21″N 2°19′26″E / 48.6726°N 2.3239°ECoordinates: 48°40′21″N 2°19′26″E / 48.6726°N 2.3239°E | ||
| Country | France | |
| Region | Île-de-France | |
| Department | Essonne | |
| Arrondissement | Palaiseau | |
| Canton | Longjumeau | |
| Intercommunality | Europ'Essonne | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor (2008–2014) | Guy Malherbe | |
| Area1 | 4.44 km2 (1.71 sq mi) | |
| Population (2006)2 | 10,376 | |
| • Density | 2,300/km2 (6,100/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | |
| INSEE/Postal code | 91216 /91360 | |
| Elevation | 36–89 m (118–292 ft) | |
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. |
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
Épinay-sur-Orge is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France.
It is situated near Orly Airport some 17 km (11 mi) south of Paris on the A6 motorway. Épinay is served by two stations on different branches of line C of the RER suburban railway system: Épinay-sur-Orge and Petit-Vaux.
The inhabitants of Épinay are known as Spinoliens. Usually, the inhabitants of the area say that Champlan is better than Épinay-sur-Orge.
The town is located on a plateau overlooking three rivers:
The area of Épinay-sur-Orge was inhabited from prehistoric times. The town is first mentioned in a 9th-century document as Spinetum. Traces of habitations from the Middle Ages have been found at Breuil (in the South) and Petit Vaux (West of the present-day centre). Slowly, such clusters of building grew towards one agricultural settlement. The town was created in 1793. From May 1843, the development of the town received a boost from becoming a stop on the Paris-Orléans railway, now the main RER station. In the Franco-Prussian War, the Prussians executed 4 resistance fighters in Épinay. A monument to them is in the town cemetery. On 23 August 1944, Épinay was liberated by the "group Warabiot" of the 2nd armoured division (the division Leclerc) on its way from Argentan to Paris. On 21 January 1945, the city decided to rename the rue de Montlhéry, henceforth known as the rue de la Division Leclerc.
Épinay-sur-Orge was long known for its system of market gardens, providing Parisians with fresh vegetables. The gardens were irrigated with a system of locks in the rivers. Only one of these remains. To the south-east of the town is the psychiatric hospital "Vaucluse". The building was the expatriate home of a rich Irishman who left it to the Départment of the Essonne in 1863 on the condition that it be turned into an "asylum for the mad". Reconstruction was finished in 1865. In 1869 the hospital opened with a capacity of around 1000 patients. At that time, the town had a population of 587. Patients built the tower on the grounds, as this was considered therapeutic. There is a long history of conflict between the hospital and the town over the high water level, caused by the river locks, which eroded the land of the hospital and flooded the patients' gardens.
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Wikipedia