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'Adud ad-Dawla

Adud al-Dawla
Adud al-Dawla medallion.jpg
Medallion of Adud al-Dawla
Emir of Fars
Reign 949–983
Predecessor Imad al-Dawla
Successor Sharaf al-Dawla
Emir of Kerman
Reign 967–983
Predecessor Mu'izz al-Dawla
Successor Sharaf al-Dawla
Emir of Iraq and Jazira
Reign 978–983
Predecessor Izz al-Dawla
Successor Samsam al-Dawla
Born September 24, 936
Isfahan
Died March 26, 983
Baghdad
Burial Najaf
Consort Sayyida bint Siyahgil
Father Rukn al-Dawla
Mother Firuzanid noblewoman
Religion Shia Islam

Fannā (Panāh) Khusraw (Persian: فنا خسرو‎‎), better known by his laqab of ʿAḍud al-Dawla (Arabic: عضد الدولة‎‎, "Pillar of the [Abbasid] Dynasty") (September 24, 936  – March 26, 983) was an emir of the Buyid dynasty, ruling from 949 to 983, and at his height of power ruling an empire stretching from Makran as far to Yemen and the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. He is widely regarded as the greatest monarch of the dynasty, and by the end of his reign was the most powerful ruler in the Middle East.

The son of Rukn al-Dawla, Fanna Khusraw was given the title of Adud al-Dawla by the Abbasid caliph in 948 when he was made emir of Fars after the death of his childless uncle Imad al-Dawla, after which Rukn al-Dawla became the senior emir of the Buyids. In 974 Adud al-Dawla was sent by his father to save his cousin Izz al-Dawla from a rebellion. After defeating the rebel forces, he claimed the emirate of Iraq for himself, and forced his cousin to abdicate. His father, however, became angered by this decision and restored Izz al-Dawla. After the death of Adud al-Dawla's father, his cousin rebelled against him, but was defeated. Adud al-Dawla became afterwards the sole ruler of the Buyid dynasty and assumed the Persian title Shahanshah ("King of Kings").

When Adud al-Dawla became emir of Iraq, the capital city, Baghdad, was suffering from violence and instability owing to sectarian conflict. In order to bring peace and stability to the city, he ordered the banning of public demonstrations and polemics. At the same time, he patronized a number of Shia scholars such as al-Mufid, and sponsored the renovation of a number of important Shia shrines.


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