Sharaf al-Dawla | |||||
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Amir of Fars | |||||
Reign | 983-988/9 | ||||
Predecessor | 'Adud al-Dawla | ||||
Successor | Samsam al-Dawla | ||||
Amir of Kerman | |||||
Reign | 983–988/9 | ||||
Predecessor | 'Adud al-Dawla | ||||
Successor | Samsam al-Dawla | ||||
Amir of Iraq | |||||
Reign | 987-988/9 | ||||
Predecessor | Samsam al-Dawla | ||||
Successor | Baha' al-Dawla | ||||
Amir of Jazira | |||||
Predecessor | Samsam al-Dawla | ||||
Successor | Baha' al-Dawla | ||||
Born | c. 960 | ||||
Died | September 7, 988 or September 6, 989 | ||||
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Father | 'Adud al-Dawla | ||||
Religion | Shia Islam |
Full name | |
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Shirdil Abu'l-Fawaris |
Shirdil Abu'l-Fawaris (c. 960-September 7, 988 or September 6, 989) was the Buyid amir of Kerman and Fars (983-988/9), as well as Iraq (987-988/9). He was the eldest son of 'Adud al-Dawla.
When Kerman was conquered by his father in 968, Shirdil was appointed as viceroy to that province. For some time after 977 he resided in Baghdad, but was then sent back to Kerman. As the eldest son, Shirdil regarded himself as the successor to his father; 'Adud al-Dawla's apparent preference for his second son Marzuban therefore made him hostile toward his brother. 'Adud al-Dawla never definitively named a successor by the time of his death in 983. Marzuban (now Samsam al-Dawla) took power in Baghdad as senior amir, but Shirdil also laid his claims to the succession, and from Kerman he invaded and captured Fars.
Shirdil, who now used the title "Sharaf al-Dawla", soon found his position surrounded by enemies. In the west, Samsam al-Dawla ruled in Baghdad, while two more of his brothers, Taj al-Dawla and Diya' al-Dawla, were in control of Basra and Khuzestan. To the north, Fakhr al-Dawla ruled in Ray. The next few years were spent by Sharaf al-Dawla fighting against all of these individuals. He provided support to the Samanids when Fakhr al-Dawla attempted to wrest Khurasan from them. Despite this, the rulers of Basra and Khuzestan soon acknowledged Fakhr al-Dawla as senior amir, making the latter the most powerful of the Buyids.
Despite this turn of events, Sharaf al-Dawla was able to expand his position. He recovered Buyid Oman, which had earlier seceded to Samsam al-Dawla. In early 986 he captured Basra and Khuzestan, forcing the two brothers to flee to Fakhr al-Dawla's territory. He then took on Samsam al-Dawla; by May or June 986 the latter recognized Sharaf al-Dawla as senior amir. Sharaf al-Dawla probably intended to invade Fakhr al-Dawla's realm, but Iraq soon slipped into anarchy and he was forced to intervene there. He entered Baghdad in 987, deposed Samsam al-Dawla and imprisoned him along with his official Fuladh ibn Manadhar in Fars. He also had the Dailamite officer Ziyar ibn Shahrakawayh executed. In July of that year the caliph proclaimed him as senior amir.